摘要： SH系列苹果矮化砧木系国光×河南海囊种间杂交育出的苹果无性系自根砧，对照为M9，M7，MM106无性系自根砧和山定子实生砧，嫁接品种为羽红（3号 红星）、金冠、富士等。1987年杂交，1982年秋定植于鉴定圃。经过5年的生物学特性、物候期及园艺学性状观察，以及矿质营养，净光合效率，气孔阻力，蒸腾强度，ABA含量等分析测定，4100个砧木杂交单系中选出SH系列苹果矮化砧木。本文报道的是SH系列中SH3、SH4、SH5、SH9、SH12、SH14、SH15、SH20、SH21、SH29等10个突出的优系砧木。它们的共同性状表现为早花早果，树体矮化、半矮化，抗逆性强（抗旱、抗倒伏、抗抽条），早期丰产稳产，果实着色浓红艳丽，含可溶性固形物高，风味浓，品质好，果实硬度大耐贮藏，容易繁殖，综合性状超过对照M9、M7、M106和山定子的苹果矮化砧木新系列。
关键词:
苹果矮化砧,
SH系列无性系自根砧,
育种
Abstract: Dwariin}g stocks of SH series apples are clorsal scion-rooted apple stocks crossed between Ralls and M.honaneas Controls are M9,M7,MM106 clonal scion-rooted stocks and M.bacara seeding stocks.Craft varieties are Yu Hong(No.3 Starking),Golden Decicious,Fuji,etc.They were ccossad in 1978,and established in the autumn of 1982.After 5 consoecutive years' observation on biologcal traits,phenological phases and horticaitural characters as well as analysix and determination on nutrition,net photosyntheric efficiency,stomatic resistance,transpiration intensity and ABA content,a series of SH apple dwarfing stocks have been selected from 4100 stock hybrid single strains.The present paper reports SH3,SH4,SH6,SH9,SH12,SH14,SH15,SH20,SH21,SH29ten outstanding superior stocks from the SH series,Their common characters are early-flowering and early-fruiting,with dwarfing or semi-dwarfing trunks,stress-resistant(drought-resistant,lodging resistant,bolring-resistant),early stable high-yeilding,brightted frult coloring,high quality and rich flavor,high content of solid matter,had fruits suitable for storage,and easy to propagate.Their comprehensive characters sur-pass those of control,that is,new series apple dearing stock of M9,M7,MM106and M.baccata.
Key words:
Apple dwarfing stock,
Clonal scionat stock,
Breeding
邵开基, 李登科, 张忠仁. SH系列苹果矮化砧木育种研究[J]. 华北农学报, 1988, 3(2): 86-93. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.1988.02.015.
Shao Kaiji, Li Dengke, Zhang Zhongten. A Study on the Breeding of Dwaifing Stock of Series Apples[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 1988, 3(2): 86-93. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.1988.02.015.