摘要： 为了建立一套快捷、方便、可靠的生菜细菌性软腐病抗性评价方法，通过比较不同软腐致病菌、接种方法、苗龄、接种后调查时间对软腐病发病的影响，对华北地区主栽的50个生菜品种，通过春、秋2茬试验对其软腐病抗病性进行了综合鉴定，为生菜抗病品种的选育和应用提供依据。结果显示，采用针刺法，接种胡萝卜果胶杆菌巴西亚种菌株Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp.brasiliensis BC1于7-8真叶期的生菜幼苗，并在接种48 h后调查病情，可有效地对生菜品种进行抗病性评价。对50份生菜种质资源的综合抗病性评价结果表明：裕生4号、橡生二号、意大利生菜等10个品种抗性级别为高抗；北生2号、汉堡、雷达等31个品种表现为中抗；其他9个品种表现为感病；无高感和免疫品种。不同类型的生菜种质对软腐病的抗性不同：相对于散叶生菜，结球生菜和直立型生菜抗性资源较为丰富；大部分紫色生菜品种比绿色生菜更具软腐病抗性。

关键词: 生菜, 细菌性软腐病, 抗病性评价

Abstract: To establish a quick, convenient and reliable method for evaluating lettuce cultivar resistance, the effects of four factors (soft rot pathogens, inoculation methods, seeding ages, and time of disease investigation) on the incidence of bacterial soft rot disease on lettuce were investigated. Furthermore, we identified the resistance of 50 lettuce varieties mainly cultivated in North China through this method and repeated the experiments in spring and autumn. These results will benefit for the selection and application of lettuce resistant materials. The results showed that the method with the pathogen Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliensis BC1, inoculating plants at the seedling age of 7-8 true leaf stage by pin prick and investigating the disease at 48 hours after inoculation, was suitable for identification of lettuce bacterial soft rot resistance. A total of 50 lettuce varieties were evaluated and indicated that, ten of which showed high resistance, such as Yusheng 4, Xiangsheng 2 and Italian lettuce; 31 varieties (Beisheng 2, Hamburg, Radar ect.) showed moderate resistance, and the other 9 varieties were susceptible to bacterial soft rot; There were no immune or highly susceptible materials. Different types of lettuce germplasm had various degrees of disease resistance. Compared with loose-leaf lettuce, crisphead and romaine lettuce possessed more resistant resources, and most of purple lettuces were more resistant than green lettuce to bacterial soft rot.

Key words: Lettuce, Bacterial soft rot, Disease resistance evaluation

中图分类号: 

• S436.36