摘要： 为了分析山东省玉米区域试验青岛试点现状及参试玉米组合穗部性状和产量的遗传关系，以2006-2015年山东省玉米区域试验青岛试验点参试品种为材料，进行了相关和统计分析，结果表明：10年山东省区域试验青岛试点设置4个组别，参试品种数量为563个。经对4个组别的参试品种进行方差分析，得出密度为67 500株/hm²的玉米组合产量最高；对67500组各品种穗部性状相关分析表明：各穗部性状与产量的相关系数由大到小依次为：出籽率（r=0.556^**） > 百粒质量（r=0.491^**） > 穗粒数（r=0.462^*） > 行粒数（r=0.372^*） > 穗行数（r=0.285^*） > 穗长（r=0.271^*） > 穗粗（r=-0.004） > 轴粗（r=-0.096） > 秃顶（r=-0.332^**）。通径分析表明，穗长和出籽率对产量的直接通径系数较大，说明穗长和出籽率数是影响玉米产量的关键性状，在选育玉米新品种时要特别注意对穗长和出籽率的选择。

关键词: 玉米新品种, 品种产量, 穗部性状, 相关分析, 通径分析

Abstract: In order to analysis of maize in Shandong Province Qingdao maize regional test status and relationship between ears traits and yield of corn.Use of 2006-2015 in Shandong Province Qingdao maize regional test varieties as material,correlation and path analysis of yield and ears traits.The results showed that in the 10 year of Qingdao regional experimental station in Shandong,4 experimental groups were set up,and the number of varieties tested was 563.Variance analysis was carried out on the tested varieties of 4 groups,the yield was the highest in the maize combination with a density of 67 500 plants per ha;The correlation analysis of panicle characters in 67 500 groups showed that the correlation coefficient of the ears traits with yield,its order from large to small is:Percentage of kernels(r=0.556^**) >100 kernel weight(r=0.491^**) > kernels per ears(r=0.462^*) > kernels per rows(r=0.372^*) > rows number of ear(r=0.285^*) > ear length(r=0.271^*) > ear diameter(r=-0.004) > axis diameter(r=-0.096) > bald(r=-0.332^**).Path analysis showed that ear length and seed yield had greater direct path coefficient for yield,the results showed that ear length and seed yield were the key characters that affected the yield of maize,particular attention should be paid to the selection of ear length and seed yield in the maize breeding.

Key words: New maize varieties, Varieties yield, Ears traits, Correlation analysis, Path analysis

中图分类号: 

• S513.01