密植条件下玉米干物质和氮及磷养分积累与分配特点

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2016.06.030

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨山西北部地区推广种植的春玉米品种整株干物质与氮、磷养分积累分配特点，制定适宜该地高产栽培管理措施。2014-2015年在大田条件下以垦沃2号（KW2）、KWS9384（KWS9384）和晋单32号（JD32）为试验材料，研究了春玉米干物质与氮、磷养分积累分配特点。结果表明，KW2在生育期内每株干物质、氮、磷积累量分别为432.95，4.90，5.21 g，均明显高于KWS9384和JD32。其中，较KWS9384分别高15.11%，11.36%和10.15%，较JD32分别高17.55%，27.94%和28.96%；KW2的籽粒产量、整株干物质及氮、磷养分积累量在整个生育期内均明显高于KWS9384和JD32，收获指数三者间无显著差异；KW2籽粒及根系中氮、磷的干物质分配比例高于KWS9384和JD32，因而，其具有更高的矿质元素吸收效率和偏生产力。综合分析认为，在参试的3个春玉米品种中，KW2最适合在密植条件（6.75万株/hm²）下高水肥种植和推广。

关键词: 春玉米, 干物质积累, 氮养分积累, 磷养分积累

Abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate characteristics of dry matter and nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) nutrient accumulations and distributions of spring maize.In this study,the distribution characteristics of dry matter and nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of spring maize were studied by using KW2,KWS9384 and JD32 as test materials in 2014-2015.The results showed that per plant dry matter,nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation of the KW2 respectively for 432.95,4.90,5.21 g in growth period,were significantly higher than the KWS9384 and JD32,compared with the KWS9384,the dry matter and N and P nutrient accumulation amounts of KW2 increased by 15.11%,11.36% and 10.15%,respectively.Compared with the JD32,the dry matter and N and P nutrient accumulation amounts of KW2 increased by 17.55%,27.94% and 28.96%,respectively.The KW2 grain yield and whole plant dry matter and N and P,nutrient accumulation were higher than the KWS9384 and JD32 in the whole growth period,harvest index among the three had no significant difference.The KW2 grain and root nitrogen and phosphorus in dry matter (N and P) was higher than KWS9384 and JD32.Comprehensive analysis showed that the KW2 was most suitable in the density 67 500 plant/ha under cultivation of the 3 spring maize varieties.

Key words: Spring maize, Dry matter accumulation, Nitrogen accumulation, Phosphorus accumulation

中图分类号:

S513.01

张小娟, 郑敏娜, 郭凤琴. 密植条件下玉米干物质和氮及磷养分积累与分配特点[J]. 华北农学报, 2016, 31(6): 192-198. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.06.030.

ZHANG Xiaojuan, ZHENG Minna, GUO Fengqin. Characteristics of Dry Matter,Accumulation and Distribution of N and P of Spring Maize in Dense Conditions[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2016, 31(6): 192-198. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2016.06.030.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2016/V31/I6/192

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