摘要： 为了探讨小麦抗倒性测定的新方法,选用生产中大面积应用的6个小麦品种为材料,用自制的作物抗倒伏强度电子测定仪测定了大田条件下的小麦单茎、群体抗倒伏强度及其他与抗倒有关的因素,并与茎秆倒伏指数相比较。结果表明,小麦单茎抗倒伏强度和群体抗倒伏强度在花后均呈较强规律性变化,单茎的最大抗倒伏强度出现在花期,群体最大抗倒伏强度出现在灌浆盛期;单茎、群体抗倒伏强度与株高和重心高度呈极显著或显著负相关关系,这与倒伏指数反映的结果一致,证明用仪器便捷地测定小麦茎秆抗倒伏强度是可行的;单茎、群体抗倒伏强度与花后发育天数的关系均可用3次多项式进行拟合,其决定系数分别为0.996 4和0.968 4,生产中可依据抗倒性变化规律制定适时措施,降低倒伏几率。

关键词: 小麦, 单茎, 群体, 抗倒伏强度, 倒伏指数

Abstract: Six high-yield wheat varieties widely applicated in production were selected in order to explore a new method for the determination of lodging resistance of wheat,measuring single-stalk lodging resistance strength and group lodging resistance strength by using self-made electronic measuring instrument of crop lodging resistance strength,and with the calculation of the stalk lodging index comparison.The results indicated that single stem lodging resistance strength and group lodging strength of wheat varieties showed a strong regular variation after flowering,the single-stalk lodging resistance strength was highest at the anthesis stage,and the population lodging resistance strength reached a maximum at the highly grain milk stage.There was significantly or extremely significantly negative correlation single stem,population lodging resistant strength and plant height,height of gravitational centre,which reflected the results consistent with the lodging index.So,the results proved that the determination of lodging resistance of wheat by using lodging resistance instrument was feasible.The single stem and group lodging strength tested with the relationship of days after flowing can be fitted through the cubic equation and higher fitting degree,the coefficient of determination was respectively 0.996 4 and 0.968 4.We took effective measures basis of lodging resistance change in production and to reduce the lodging probability.

Key words: Wheat, Single-stalk, Group, Lodging resistance strength, Lodging index

中图分类号: 

• S512.01