摘要： 以先玉335和农华101为材料,研究吉林省东部地区种植密度对春玉米物质积累和灌浆特性的影响。结果表明:种植密度影响玉米的产量、物质积累及灌浆特性,不同品种对种植密度的反应存在差异。随着种植密度增加,穗数、空秆率增加,单株产量、物质积累量和穗粒数均显著下降;群体产量、总干物质和花后物质积累量跟品种有关,随着密度增大,农华101产量增高,总干物质差异不显著,花后物质积累先降低后增加,而先玉335产量降低,总干物质量和花后物质积累均增加。随着种植密度增加,单株茎秆和叶片干物质量降低,叶片达到最大干物质量的时间延后,物质转运量先增加后减小;种植密度对百粒质量影响主要是由最大灌浆速率、平均灌浆速率和线性灌浆起始期所致,对最大灌浆期和灌浆持续期影响较小。

关键词: 种植密度, 干物质积累, 籽粒灌浆

Abstract: Effects of plant density on dry matter accumulation and grain filling were studied in East Jilin Province. Maize cultivars Xianyu 335 and Nonghua 101 were used. Plant density significantly affected grain yield,dry matter accumulation and grain filling characteristics,but two cultivars showed different responses. Ears number and bare plant rate increased,while the yield and dry matter per plant-grain number per ear decreased significantly with the increase of plant density. Additionally, population yield,total dry weight and post-kilking dry matter were different between cultivars. Grain yield of Nonghua 101 increased with the increase of plant density, while total dry matter showed no reaction to plant density, and post-kilking dry matter decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of plant density. On the contrary,grain yield of Xianyu 335 decreased with the increase of plant density, while total dry matter and post-kilking dry matter increased. With the increase of plant density, stem and leaf dry weight per plant reduced,and the maximum leaf dry weight occurrence time delayed,the amount of dry matter translocation was firstly increased and then decreased. Plant density had greater effect on 100-kernel weight by maximum filling rate,average filling rate and the beginning of linearity filling phase,while effect on maximum filling period and grain filling duration was little.

Key words: Plant density, Dry matter accumulation, Grain filling

中图分类号: 

• S513.04