摘要： 在常规节水条件下,通过对不同小麦基因型材料光合性状指标的测定,分析节水增产的主要限制因素,探讨光合性状指标与高产限制因素之间的关系,并依此进行聚类分析,综合评价高产品种的光合性状特征.研究结果表明,目前生产条件下,穗粒重对产量的影响大于单位面积穗数的作用,而穗粒重的提高主要依赖于穗粒数的增加;开花期的穗面积、旗叶光合速率和单茎叶面积是决定穗粒重的重要因素;粒叶比与穗粒重和经济产量均呈显著正相关,大穗型、小叶形、高粒叶比是节水高产品种的突出特征.

关键词: 小麦, 光合性状, 粒叶比, 节水高产

Abstract: The author measured photosynthetic character indexes of different wheat varieties under the gen-eral water-saving condition, analyzed the limited factor of wheat varieties for obtaining higher yield, and dis-cussed the relation between photosynthetic character indexes and the limited factor of higher yield，complied with these, assayed especially the character of the high-yield variety by clustering analysis. The results showed that the grain weight had greater effect on yield than that of the ear number under current production condition, increasing the grain weight of each ear depended mostly on the gain of grain number of each ear. The areas of ear, photosynthetic rate of the flag leaf blade and leaf areas of each stem during anthesis were important limited factors determining the grain weight of each ear. The grain-leaf ratio and the grain weight of each ear was posi-tively and highly correlated with grain yield, and big ear, small top leaf blades and higher grain-leaf ratio were the essential character of water-saving and high-yield varieties.

Key words: Wheat, Photosynthetic characteristics, Grain-leaf ratio, Water-saving and high-yield

中图分类号: 

• S512.101