摘要： 以6个小麦品种及其双列杂交组合为材料，研究了小麦子粒蛋白质含量和主要品质性状的遗传模型，估算了各性状的遗传参数。结果表明：（1）子粒蛋白质含量、容重、干面筋含量、湿面筋含量、降落值及沉淀值等性状符合加性-显性模型。（2）降落值的高值与隐性基因有关，低值与显性基因有关；子粒蛋白质含量、容重、湿面筋含量、干面筋含量及沉淀值等性状的高值与显性基因有关，低值与隐性基因有关。（3）除沉淀值的遗传表现为超显性外，其余各性状的遗传均以基因的加性效应为主，且平均显性度（H₁/D）均小于1,表现为部分显性。（4）除沉淀值外，各性状的狭义遗传力表现较高，说明可在早代进行选择。

关键词: 小麦, 品质性状, 遗传模型, 基因效应, 遗传力

Abstract: A diallel cross involving 6 wheat parents was made by using Griffing methods to study the genetic model of grain protein and other main quality characters.The genetic parameters of the traits involved were estimated.The results indicated that (1) the inheritance of grain protein content,test weight,dry gluten content,wet gluten content,falling number and sedimentation value fit the model of additive dominance.(2)The high value of falling number was related to recessive genes,and the low value was related to dominant genes.The high value of grain protein content,test weight,wet gluten content,dry gluten content and sedimentation value were related to dominant genes,and the low value was related to recessive genes.(3)Except that the inheritance of sedimentation value performed over dominant gene,the rest were mainly controled by the additive gene,and also the mean dominant degree (H₁/D)were less than 1,and performed partial dominance.(4)Except the falling number,the narrow heritability of the rest traits performed higher.It indicated that they could be selected in early generations.

Key words: Wheat, Quality characteristics, Genetic model, Gene effect, Heritability

中图分类号: 

• S512.101