摘要： 随水分胁迫加重,不同抗旱类型小麦的第一、二叶鞘细胞的基态渗透浓度、原生质层对非电解质甲脲的透性和原生质粘度值均表现上升趋势.抗旱的昌乐5号和不抗旱的扬麦4号在正常和水分胁迫条件下差异均显著.当胁迫到一定程度,不抗旱的扬麦4号细胞基态渗透浓度和透性常数下降早而迅速,甚至质膜破裂.三个指标中透性常数值对干旱反应最敏感,证明小麦抗旱性与原生质层透性关系密切.

关键词: 小麦, 水分胁迫, 细胞基态渗透浓度, 原生质层透性, 原生质粘度

Abstract: As drought stressed worsely, the osmoti'c ground value(Og), permeability of protoplast layer to nonelectrolytes (methylurea)(Ks) and protoplasm viscosity increased in both of the first and the second sheath cells of different drought resistant wheat ecotypes. No matter whether water content was normal or deficient the drought resistant variety, Changle No. 5 was significantly different from drought sensitive variety Yangmai No. 4. When plant stressed to some extent the Og and Ks of drought sensitive Yangmai No. 4 reduced early and rapidly, even plasmalemma membrane broke down. Among the three indexes the Ks was most sensitive to drought stress, which indicated that wheat drought resistance was closely correlated to protoplast layer permeability.

Key words: Wheat, Water stress, Cell osmotic ground value, Protoplast layer permeability, Protoplasm viscosity