摘要： 对耐寒性不同的小麦品种的细胞膜透性和代谢能量水平作了研究,结果表明:耐寒品种的叶鞘亚表皮细胞的渗透基值(Og)、膜对水的透性常数(Kwo)以及膜对脲的同系物——尿素、甲脲、乙脲的透性常数(Ks)均大于低温敏感品种.低温敏感品种的叶绿体、线粒体,细胞溶质中的ATP酶活性均大于耐寒品种.冻处理以后,低温敏感品种组织中ATP水平下降速率大于耐寒品种.膜透性、细胞汁浓度和代谢能量的调节在耐寒过程中起重要作用.

关键词: 小麦, 耐寒性, 膜透性, ATP含量, ATP酶活性

Abstract: The membrane permeability and level of metabolic energy in both cold-tolerant cultivars and cold-sensitive ones of wheat were studied. The results indicated that the osmotic ground values, the membrane permeability constants for water and the membrane permeability constants for urea and urea homologue in the subepidermal cells of leaf sheath in cold-tolerant cultivars were larger than that in cold-sensitives ones,ATPase activity in chloroplast, mitochondria and cytosol in cold-sensitive cultivars was greater than that in cold-tolerant ones, and the decline rate of ATP content in tissues of cold-sensitive cultivars was rapidder than that of cold-tolerant ones after freezing treatment.Membrane perme ability, cell sap concentration and adjustment of metabolic energy play an important role in cold-tolerance for wheat.

Key words: Wheat, Cold-tolerance, Membrane prpermeability, ATP content, ATPase activity