摘要： 以外部形态与内部解剖相结合的研究方法，分析大豆合理密植问题。每亩4千株的单株，茎秆粗壮，株粒重高。茎横切面上输导、机械组织面积大，次生韧皮纤维细胞数多，基本组织面积较小。随着密度增加引起的形态结构变化，与上述变化趋势相反。每亩13千株是接近理想群体的密度，其植株比较健壮，各组织面积大小均处于中间水平。但由于群体、个体关系协调得好，单位面积产量最高。

关键词: 大豆, 密度, 形态, 比较解剖

Abstract: The problem of rational close planting in soybean was analysed with the method of combining the external morphological character with the internalanatomy in this paper.With the density of 4000 plants per mu,the stems of plants were strong and the seed weightper plant was high.There were a great number of secondary phloem fiber cells and a larger area of the conducting and the mechanical tissue,but a smaller area of the ground tissue on the transverse section of the stems.With the increase in planting density,stems became thinner and tallar,seed weight per plant became lighter,the area of conducting and mechanical tissue became smaller gradually,and the number of secondary phloem fiber cells was reduced greatly,while the area of ground tissue became larger and larger.In the experiment,the density,of 13,000 plants per mu may be the density approaching the ideal population.Although under this density,the stems of plant were comparatively strong,the area of the various tissues were all middle-sized,yet as the relationship between the population and individual plants was well coordinaterd,the highest vield per mu could be obtained.

Key words: Soybean, Density(population), Morphological character, Comparative anatomy