Effect of water conditions( water-logging stress and non-water-logging stress) and nitrogen forms( ammonium，nitrate and the mixture of nitrate and ammonium) on concentration and transport of components in bleeding sap of maize( Zea mays L． ) plants at seeding stage was carried out by using sand culture experiment． The result showed that，dry weight of root， stem and sheath and total biomass of maize plants increased significantly，when compared with the control under three days of water-logging stress condition． So did the leaves from that time on． As a result，water-logging stress treatment and ammonium supply facilitated all of the roots， stem and sheath and leaves growth of maize plants when compared with nitrate． Furthermore，dry weight of stem and sheath of ammonium-fed plants was significantly higher than that of the mixed nitrogen forms-fed plants． Three days of water-logging stress obviously reduced the amount of bleeding sap and the soluble sugar translocation( exudation weight × concentration) in it． However， seven days of water-logging stressed maize plants supplied with ammonium did not exhibit any negative effect on soluble sugar and free amino acid translocation in the bleeding sap and showed the highest root activity．In contrast，water-logging stress significantly reduced the amount of bleeding sap at night and nitrate translocation to the shoot，and increased the root activity of nitrate-fed plants． The amount of soluble sugar in bleeding sap of nitratefed plants gradually reduced along with the increase of stress time，whereas，both of the trend of the reduction in the amount of free amino acid in bleeding sap at night and the increase in root activity of nitrate-fed plants disappeared at the same time． Therefore， it revealed that nitrogen form is a major factor affecting maize plants to adapt to water-logging stress，with the periodic difference existed in the responses of different nitrogen form-fed maize plants to the stress condition
Liu Panpan
,
Wu Dali1
,
Liu Chang
,
Zhou Yi1
,
Wang Jianfei
. Effect of Water-logging Stress and Nitrogen Forms on Amount and Solutes Concentration of Bleeding Sap in Maize Plants at Seeding Stage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2013
, 28(3)
: 133
-138
.
DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2013.03.024
[1] 李亚娟，杨俞娟，张友润，等． 水分状况与供氮水平对土壤可溶性氮素形态变化的影响[J]．植物营养与肥料学报， 2010， 16(5) 1153-1160．
[2] 刘盼盼，伍大利，王福友，等． 淹涝胁迫和供氮形态对苗期玉米根系的影响[J]．西北农林科技大学学报: 自然科学版， 2012，40(9): 133 - 140， 146．
[3] Kirk G J D． Rice root properties for internal aeration and efficient nutrient acquisition in submerged soil[J]． New Phytologist， 2003， 159(1) : 185 - 194．
[4] 王学奎． 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]． 2 版． 北京: 高等教育出版社， 2005: 116 - 119， 122 - 123．
[5] 段留生，张明才，董学会，等． 等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES) 测定玉米和大豆根系伤流液中无机元素流量[J]． 光谱学与光谱分析， 2008， 28(11) : 2671 - 2673．
[6] Liao C T，Lin C H． Physiological adaptation of crop plants to flooding stress[J]． Proc Natl Sci Counc ROC(B) ， 2001，25(3) : 148 - 157．
[7] Ferreira J L，Coelho C H M，Magalhes P C， et al． Evaluation of mineral content in maize under flooding[J]． Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology， 2008，8: 134 - 140．
[8] Horchani F，Hajri R，Khayati H， et al． Does the source of nitrogen affect the response of subterranean clover to prolonged root hypoxia[J]． Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science， 2010b， 173(2) : 275 - 283．
[9] Peuke A D． Correlations in concentrations， xylem and phloem flows，and partitioning of elements and ions in intact plants． A summary and statistical re-evaluation of modelling experiments in Ricinus communis[J]． Journal of Experimental Botany， 2010， 61(3) : 635 - 655．
[10] Sairam R K，Kumutha D，Ezhilmathi K． Physiology and biochemistry of waterlogging tolerance in plants[J]． Biologia Plantarum， 2008， 52(3) : 401 - 412．
[11] 王晓东，解备涛，李建民，等． 外源γ-氨基丁酸( GABA) 对小麦苗期耐涝性的影响[J]． 华北农学报，2010，25( 1) : 155 - 160．
[12] 晏斌，戴秋杰． 外源活性氧清除剂对玉米植株涝害的缓 解[J]． 华北农学报， 1995， 10(1) : 51 - 55．
[13] Irfan M，Hayat S，Hayat Q， et al． Physiological and biochemical changes in plants under waterlogging[J]． Protoplasma，2010， 241: 3 - 17．
[14] 陈范骏，米国华，刘建安，等． 玉米自交系木质部伤流液中氮素形态差异及其与氮效率的关系[J]． 中国农业科学， 1999， 32(5) : 43 - 48．
[15] Brando A D， Sodek L． Nitrate uptake and metabolism by roots of soybean plants under oxygen deficiency[J]． Brazilian Society of Plant Physiology， 2009， 21(1) : 13 -23．
[16] 郝云红，胡艳丽，沈向，等． 外源硝态氮提高淹水甜樱桃根系糖含量及蔗糖相关酶活性[J]． 园艺学报， 2009，36(7) : 937 - 944．
