脱落酸对水稻种子萌发期耐高温胁迫的诱抗效应

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20191968

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究高温胁迫下外源脱落酸（Abscisic acid，ABA）对水稻种子萌发和幼芽生长的影响。采用10 μmol/L的ABA溶液对水稻种子浸种24 h，然后置于40℃的高温环境中萌发，设计对照（CK-ABA）、ABA浸种（CK+ABA）、高温处理（HS-ABA）和ABA浸种后施加高温处理（HS+ABA）4种处理方式，研究ABA浸种对高温胁迫下水稻种子萌发、幼芽生长、活性氧（ROS）积累、细胞损伤和相关基因表达的影响。结果表明，高温胁迫显著（P<0.05）抑制了水稻种子的萌发及幼芽和幼根的生长，且种子发芽率与超氧阴离子、过氧化氢及丙二醛含量显著负相关（P<0.05），说明导致ROS过量积累及细胞损伤是高温胁迫抑制种子萌发的重要限制性因素。非高温胁迫下，ABA浸种与非ABA浸种处理间水稻种子的萌发及幼芽生长指标无显著差异。高温胁迫下，ABA浸种提高了水稻种子的发芽率及幼芽、幼根的生长，显著（P<0.05）降低了高温胁迫下水稻幼芽的ROS含量和质膜损伤程度，上调了ROS清除基因OsCATB、OsAPX6、OsFe-SOD和OsCu/Zn-SOD以及细胞死亡抑制基因OsBI1的表达。高温胁迫下，且ABA浸种条件下水稻种子的发芽率、芽长和主根长均与超氧阴离子（O₂^-）和过氧化氢（H₂O₂）含量呈极显著（P<0.01）或显著（P<0.05）负相关关系。此外，高温胁迫下，ABA浸种显著（P<0.05）上调了幼芽内ABA应答基因Salt和OsWsi18的表达，说明ABA信号途径被激活。综上所述，提高下游抗氧化防御能力、抑制ROS过量积累和降低细胞损伤是ABA诱导水稻在种子萌发期适应高温胁迫的一个重要途径。

关键词: 水稻, 脱落酸, 高温胁迫, 诱抗效应, 活性氧

Abstract: In order to explore the priming effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on the high temperature stress tolerance of rice at seed germination stage, rice seeds were soaked with ABA (10 μmol/L) for 24 h, then subjected to high-temperature stress conditions with the temperature of 40℃ for germination. Four treatments:control (CK-ABA), seed soaking with ABA (CK+ABA), high temperature stress (HS-ABA) and subjected to high temperature stress after seed soaking with ABA (HS+ABA), were designed to investigate the priming effect of ABA on seed germination, bud growth, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, cell damage and gene expression in rice under high temperature stress. Results showed that high temperature stress significantly (P<0.05) inhibited seed germination and growth of young buds and roots. And rate of seed germination showed a significant (P<0.05) negative correlation with the content of superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde, indicating that excessive accumulation of ROS and resulting in cell damage was a main restrictive factor in the inhibition of seed germination of rice by high temperature stress. There were no significant differences of seed germination and growth indices of bud between ABA soaking treatment and non-ABA soaking treatment under non-high temperature stress condition. Seed soaking with ABA improved seeds germination and growth of young shoots and roots under high temperature stress. ABA soaking significantly (P<0.05) reduced ROS content and membrane injury degree of rice shoots under high temperature stress and upregulated the expression of the ROS-scavenging genes, OsCATB, OsAPX6, OsFe-SOD and OsCu/Zn-SOD, as well as the cell death inhibitor gene OsBI1. In addition, the germination rate, bud length and root length of rice seeds showed an extremely significant(P<0.01) or significant(P<0.05) correlation to the contents of superoxide anions(O₂^-) and hydrogen peroxide(H₂O₂) with ABA soaking treatment under ABA soaking treatment were significantly negatively correlated with ROS contents under high temperature stress conditions. Furthermore, ABA soaking significantly (P<0.05) increased the expression of two ABA responsive genes, Salt and OsWsi18 in the buds under high temperature stress, indicating that the ABA signaling pathway was indeed activated by ABA soaking. In conclusion, ABA primed rice for adapting to high temperature stress at seed germination stage mainly via an important pathway of improving downstream antioxidant defense capacity, inhibiting ROS accumulation and reducing cell damage.

Key words: Rice (Oryza Sativa L.), Abscisic acid (ABA), High temperature stress, Priming effect, Reactive oxygen species (ROS)

中图分类号:

Q945
S511.01

杨雲雲, 陈鑫, 陈启洲, 卢芳, 徐晨, 杨洪涛, 苏佩佩, 刘晓龙. 脱落酸对水稻种子萌发期耐高温胁迫的诱抗效应[J]. 华北农学报, 2021, 36(3): 185-194. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191968.

YANG Yunyun, CHEN Xin, CHEN Qizhou, LU Fang, XU Chen, YANG Hongtao, SU Peipei, LIU Xiaolong. Priming Effects of Abscisic Acid on High Temperature Stress Tolerance in Rice at Seed Germination Stage[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2021, 36(3): 185-194. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20191968.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2021/V36/I3/185

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