孕穗期低温灌溉对水稻剑叶和颖花生理特征的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20190947

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究孕穗期持续低温对水稻的伤害机理，利用Y两优957、天优华占、Y两优1号和中早39这4个生产上大面积推广的水稻品种，分别在其幼穗分化Ⅴ期进行17.5℃、10 d的低温冷水灌溉处理。处理结束当天利用SPAD502测定剑叶SPAD值、利用酶联免疫吸附试验测定剑叶与颖花的抗氧化系统和渗透调节系统等生理生化指标、液相色谱串联质谱法测定ABA含量。结果表明，孕穗期低温胁迫降低了水稻的结实率与花粉育性，但不同品种的降幅有差异，分析认为结实率下降的重要原因之一是花粉育性下降。孕穗期低温胁迫后剑叶SPAD值降低，且不同品种表现有差异。根据结实率的结果，Y两优957和天优华占可作为低温耐受品种，Y两优1号和中早39可作为低温敏感品种。低温处理后，低温耐受品种剑叶SOD、POD、CAT活性升高，颖花SOD活性降低；低温敏感品种剑叶SOD、POD活性降低，颖花SOD活性升高，与低温耐受品种相反。低温耐受品种低温处理后渗透调节物质在剑叶中大多高于对照，颖花中则均低于对照；低温敏感品种则呈现较为相反的趋势。低温处理后无论材料是否耐受低温，其颖花中ABA含量均显著高于对照组。颖花与剑叶在抗氧化系统的SOD活性、渗透调节系统的PRO和STS含量等多个生理指标上大多呈现较为相反的变化趋势，推测水稻的源库受低温胁迫后可能存在一个动态平衡调节机制，为研究孕穗期低温胁迫对水稻生理特征影响提供了新的思路。

关键词: 水稻, 孕穗期, 低温, 生理, 颖花

Abstract: To explore persistent damage mechanism of low temperature on rice during the booting stage, this experiment used four rice varieties widely used in large areas of production:Yliangyou 957, Tianyouhuazhan, Yliangyou 1, Zhongzao 39. Respectively in their panicle differentiation Ⅴ period with 17.5℃ cold water irrigation, continued treatment for 10 days. After 10 days of treatment, SPAD value of sword leaves was measured by SPAD502. Physiological and biochemical indicators such as the permeation regulation system index and antioxidant system index of sword leaves and spikelets were measured by Elisa kit. ABA content of spikelets was measured by high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The results showed that low temperature stress at booting stage reduced rice seed setting rate and pollen fertility. This difference in the reduction of both parameters was observed among the four rice varieties. It suggested that one of the principal reasons for the decline in setting rate was the decline in pollen fertility. The SPAD value of sword leaves decreased after low temperature stress during booting stage, and different varieties showed different degrees of decline. According to the results of the setting rate, Yliangyou 957 and Tianyouhuazhan could be considered as low temperature tolerant varieties while Yliangyou 1 and Zhongzao 39 could be considered as low temperature sensitive varieties. After low temperature treatment, SOD, POD and CAT activities were increased in the leaves of the tolerant varieties, while SOD activities were decreased in spikelets. SOD and POD activities of sword leaves of sensitive varieties were decreased, which was contrary to that in low temperature tolerant cultivars. Osmotic regulators in the low temperature tolerant varieties were mostly higher than those in the control group, and osmotic regulators in the spikelets were lower than those in the control group. The low temperature sensitive cultivars showed the opposite trend. ABA content in spikelets was significantly higher than that in control group, regardless of whether the varieties is resistant to low temperature. Spikelets and sword leaves were mostly showing the opposite trend on physiological and biochemical indicators. It included the SOD activity of the antioxidant system, PRO and STS content of the osmosis control system, and so on. It was speculated that there might be a dynamic regulation mechanism of the rice source sink relationships under low temperature stress, which provided a new idea for the research on the effects of low temperature stress on rice physiology at the booting stage.

Key words: Rice, Booting stage, Low temperature, Physiology, Spikelets

中图分类号:

S511.01

罗秋红, 吴俊, 柏斌, 庄文, 姚栋萍, 肖贵, 刘雄伦, 邓启云. 孕穗期低温灌溉对水稻剑叶和颖花生理特征的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2020, 35(3): 111-118. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190947.

LUO Qiuhong, WU Jun, BAI Bin, ZHUANG Wen, YAO Dongping, XIAO Gui, LIU Xionglun, DENG Qiyun. Effects of Low Temperature Irrigation at Booting Stage on Physiological Characteristics of Sword Leaves and Spikelets in Rice[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2020, 35(3): 111-118. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20190947.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2020/V35/I3/111

参考文献

[1] 张荣萍. 水稻耐冷性机制研究进展[J]. 湖北农业科学, 2015, 54(16):3844-3848. doi:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2015.16.002.
Zhang R P. The research progress of cold tolerance mechanism in rice[J]. Hubei Agricultural Sciences, 2015,54(16):3844-3848.
[2] 张坤, 王海媛, 段里成, 章起明, 杨爱萍, 刘文英, 蔡哲, 姚俊萌, 金国花, 郭瑞鸽. 持续低温对水稻芽期出苗状况的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(4):56-60. doi:10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2018.04.014.
Zhang K, Wang H Y, Duan L C, Zhang Q M, Yang A P, Liu W Y, Cai Z, Yao J M, Jin G H, Guo R G. Effects of continuous low temperature on the emergence of rice seedlings in the germinating stage[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(4):56-60.
[3] 朱琳, 袁梦, 高红秀, 曲悦, 何沈雨, 王剑, 王珊, 王思宇, 杨玲, 张忠臣, 金正勋. 水稻苗期低温应答转录组分析[J]. 华北农学报, 2018, 33(5):40-51. doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2018.05.006.
Zhu L, Yuan M, Gao H X, Qu Y, He S Y, Wang J, Wang S, Wang S Y, Yang L, Zhang Z C, Jin Z X. Transcriptomic analysis of rice seedling responsive to low temperature[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2018, 33(5):40-51.
[4] 任红茹, 荆培培, 胡宇翔,陈雨霏, 陈梦云, 霍中洋. 孕穗期低温对水稻生长及产量形成的影响[J]. 中国稻米, 2017, 23(4):56-62. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.04.010.
Ren H R, Jing P P, Hu Y X, Chen Y F, Chen M Y, Huo Z Y. Effects of low temperature at booting stage on growth and yield formation of rice[J]. China Rice, 2017, 23(4):56-62.
[5] 王士强, 赵海红, 萧长亮, 赵黎明, 顾春梅, 那永光, 解保胜, 程式华. 孕穗期冷水胁迫对寒地水稻干物质生产的影响[J]. 中国水稻科学, 2016, 30(3):313-322. doi:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.5187.
Wang S Q, Zhao H H, Xiao C L, Zhao L M, Gu C M, Na Y G, Xie B S, Cheng S H. Effects of cold stress during booting stage on dry matter production of rice in cold region[J]. Chinese Journal of Rice Science, 2016, 30(3):313-322.
[6] 任红茹. 孕穗期低温冷害对水稻产量形成、生理特性和稻米品质的影响[D]. 扬州:扬州大学, 2018.
Ren H R. Effects of low-temperature cold damage at booting stage on yield formation, physiological characteristics and rice quality of rice[D]. Yangzhou:Yangzhou University, 2018.
[7] 曾研华, 张玉屏, 潘晓华, 朱德峰, 向镜, 陈惠哲, 张义凯. 花后低温对水稻籽粒灌浆与内源激素含量的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2016, 42(10):1551-1559. doi:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01551.
Zeng Y H, Zhang Y P, Pan X H, Zhu D F, Xiang J, Chen H Z, Zhang Y K. Effect of low temperature after flowering on grain filling and plant hormones contents in rice[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2016, 42(10):1551-1559.
[8] Thakur P,Kumar S,Malik J A,Berger J D,Nayyar H. Cold stress effects on reproductive development in grain crops:An overview[J]. Environmental & Experimental Botany, 2010, 67(3):429-443. doi:10.1016/j.envexpbot.2009.09.004.
[9] 柏斌, 吴俊, 庄文, 姚栋萍, 李莺歌, 邓启云. 育性敏感期低温对水稻光温敏不育系生理指标的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2015, 30(3):98-104. doi:10.7668/hbnxb.2015.03.018.
Bai B, Wu J, Zhuang W, Yao D P, Li Y G, Deng Q Y. Effects of low temperature on physiological indexes of rice PTGMS lines at the fertility sensitive stage[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2015, 30(3):98-104.
[10] 李建武, 邓启云, 吴俊, 庄文, 熊跃东, 周萍. 超级杂交稻新组合Y两优2号特征特性及高产栽培技术[J]. 杂交水稻, 2013, 28(1):49-51. doi:10.16267/j.cnki.1005-3956.2013.01.019.
Li J W, Deng Q Y, Wu J, Zhuang W, Xiong Y D, Zhou P. Characteristics and high-yielding cultural techniques of new super hybrid rice combination Y Liangyou 2[J]. Hybrid Rice, 2013, 28(1):49-51.
[11] 赵黎明, 解保胜, 那永光, 顾春梅, 李明, 郑殿峰. 简述SPAD-502在水稻及其他作物上应用的研究进展[J]. 北方水稻, 2015(1):72-76,80. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-6737.2015.01.029.
Zhao L M, Xie B S, Na Y G, Gu C M, Li M, Zheng D F. Research progress of application of SPAD-502 on rice and other crops[J]. North Rice, 2015(1):72-76,80.
[12] 许英, 陈建华, 朱爱国, 栾明宝, 王晓飞, 孙志民. 低温胁迫下植物响应机理的研究进展[J]. 中国麻业科学, 2015(1):40-49. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1671-3532.2015.01.009.
Xu Y, Chen J H, Zhu A G, Luan M B, Wang X F, Sun Z M. Research progress on response mechanism of plant under low temperature stress[J]. Plant Fiber Sciences in China, 2015(1):40-49.
[13] 萧浪涛, 王三根. 植物生理学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2004, 1:335-337 Xiao L T, Wang S G. Plant physiology[M]. Beijing:China Agriculture Press, 2004, 1:335-337
[14] 张明生, 谢波, 谈锋, 张启堂. 甘薯可溶性蛋白、叶绿素及ATP含量变化与品种抗旱性关系的研究[J]. 中国农业科学, 2003, 36(1):13-16. doi:10.3321/j.issn:0578-1752.2003.01.003.
Zhang M S, Xie B, Tan F, Zhang Q T. Relationship among soluble protein, chlorophyll and ATP in sweet potato under water stress with drought resistance[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2003, 36(1):13-16.
[15] Kurkela S,Borg-Franck M.Structure and expression of kin2, one of two cold-and ABA-induced genes of Arabidopsis thaliana[J]. Plant Molecular Biology, 1992, 19(4):689-692. doi:10.1007/BF00026794.
[16] Shimono H,Hasegawa T,Fujimura S,Iwama K. Responses of leaf photosynthesis and plant water status in rice to low water temperature at different growth stages[J]. Field Crops Research, 2004, 89(1):71-83. doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2004.01.025.
[17] 杨亚军, 郑雷英, 王新超. 冷驯化和ABA对茶树抗寒力及其体内脯氨酸含量的影响[J]. 茶叶科学, 2004, 24(3):177-182. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-369X.2004.03.006.
Yang Y J, Zheng L Y, Wang X C. Effect of cold acclimation and ABA on cold hardiness contents of proline in tea plants[J]. Journal of Tea Science, 2004, 24(3):177-182.
[18] Xin Z, Browse J. Cold comfort farm:the acclimation of plants to freezing temperatures[J]. Plant Cell & Environment, 2000, 23(9):893-902. doi:10.1046/j.1365-3040.2000.00611.x.
[19] 刘娥娥, 宗会, 郭振飞, 黎用朝. 干旱、盐和低温胁迫对水稻幼苗脯氨酸含量的影响[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2000, 8(3):235-238. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-3395.2000.3.009.
Liu E E, Zong H, Guo Z F, Li Y C. Effects of drought, salt and chilling stresses on proline accumulation in shoot of rice seedlings[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 2000, 8(3):235-238.
[20] 白志英, 李存东, 刘渊. 干旱胁迫下小麦叶片脯氨酸和蛋白质含量变化与染色体的关系[J]. 植物遗传资源学报, 2007, 8(3):325-330. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1672-1810.2007.03.016.
Bai Z Y, Li C D, Liu Y. Relationship between chromosome and changing of leaf proline and protein content under drought stress in wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. Journal of Plant Genetic Resources, 2007, 8(3):325-330.
[21] 武琦, 邹德堂, 赵宏伟,王敬国, 刘化龙, 兴旺, 宋谨同, 黄莹莹, 马婧. 不同生育时期低温胁迫下水稻耐冷指标变化的研究[J]. 作物杂志, 2012(6):95-101. doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2012.06.024.
Wu Q, Zhou D T, Zhao H W, Wang J G, Liu H L, Xing W, Song J T, Huang Y Y, Ma J. Cold resistant indeses variation of rice under cryogentic stress among different growth stages[J]. Crops, 2012(6):95-101.
[22] Arshad M S,Farooq M,Asch F,Krishna J S V,Prasad P V V,Siddique K H M.Thermal stress impacts reproductive development and grain yield in rice[J]. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, 2017, 115:57-72. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.03.011.
[23] 朱珊, 李永辉, 熊宏亮, 黄仁良, 严松, 张景云, 沈显华. 低温胁迫对孕穗期水稻叶片内源激素的影响[J]. 江西农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2014,36(1):21-25. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-2286.2014.01.004.
Zhu S, Li Y H, Xiong H L, Huang L R, Yan S, Zhang J Y, Shen X H. Effect of low temperature stress on endogenous hormones in rice[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis(Natural Sciences Edition), 2014, 36(1):21-25.
[24] 田晓杰. 水稻ABA受体OsPYLs 基因家族的鉴定和功能研究[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2017.
Tian X J. Characterization and functional analysis of pyrabactin resistance-like abscisic acid receptor family in rice[D]. Beijing:University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2017.

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容