摘要： 为了研究施锌肥对旱作马铃薯全生育期植株锌素的吸收、积累与分配规律，及块茎形成期主要营养品质的影响，进行了施锌（Zn）与不施锌（CK，对照）2个处理的盆栽试验。结果表明，施用锌肥能增加马铃薯不同器官的锌浓度，在生育期进行2次喷施锌肥后，叶片中锌浓度Zn处理比CK处理分别高出27.94，43.89 mg/kg，收获后块茎中的锌浓度Zn处理比CK处理高出28.70%；全生育期马铃薯各器官中锌积累量Zn处理>CK处理，出苗后66 d时叶片中锌素积累达最大值，Zn处理为1.469 mg/株，CK处理为0.328 mg/株，Zn处理比CK处理多3倍。全株和块茎的锌素积累量和最大积累速率Zn处理比CK处理分别高63.62%，48.43%，51.58%，55.26%；在整个生育期马铃薯茎和根的锌素积累比例Zn处理>CK处理，施锌肥增加了锌素在茎和根中的分配比例，降低了在块茎中的分配比例；随块茎生长期的推进马铃薯块茎的VC、游离氨基酸及淀粉含量均呈抛物线型变化，在块茎膨大后期和淀粉积累期达到最大值，而还原糖含量则出现持续下降的趋势。成熟期末期测定结果表明，Zn处理块茎中VC、游离氨基酸、淀粉含量分别比CK处理高16.19%，22.11%，16.28%，而Zn处理块茎中还原糖含量比CK处理低22.72%。

关键词: 马铃薯, 锌肥, 锌含量, 营养品质

Abstract: In order to study effects of zinc fertilizers on zinc absorption, accumulation and distribution and tuber quality under rainfed conditions, pot experiment was conducted with two treatments of Zn (Zn) and no Zn (CK control).The results showed that application of zinc fertilizer could increase the zinc concentration in different organs of potato. Two times of spraying zinc fertilizer in the growth period,the zinc concentration in potato leaves of Zn treatment was higher than CK treatment 27.94, 43.89 mg/kg, respectively. The zinc concentration in the tubers after harvest Zn treatment was higher than CK treatment 28.70%; During the whole growing period the accumulation of zinc in all organs of potato of Zn treatment>CK treatment, the zinc accumulation in leaves reached the maximum 66 days after the emergence, Zn treatment was 1.469 mg/plant,CK treatment was 0.328 mg/plant, Zn treatment was three times more than CK treatment. The zinc accumulation and maximum accumulation rate of whole plant and Tubers of Zn treatment were higher than CK treatment 63.62%, 48.43%, 51.58%, 55.26%respectively; During the whole growing period accumulation ratio of zinc of potato stems and roots of Zn treatment>CK treatment, zinc fertilizer increases the distribution ratio of zinc in the stems and roots and reducing the proportion allocated tubers; With the advance of growing tubers VC,free amino acid and starch content of potato tuber were changed in the form of parabola,in late tuber expansion period or starch accumulation period reached its maximum, and reducing sugar content continued downward trend appears.Results showed maturity,the potato tuber VC, free amino acid and starch content of Zn treatment were higher than CK treatment, the ratios were 16.19%,22.11%,16.28%respectively. However, the reducing sugar content of potato tubers of Zn treatment were higher than CK treatment, the value was 22.72%.

Key words: Potato, Zinc fertilizer, Zinc content, Nutritional quality

中图分类号: 

• S143.7+2

• S532