摘要： 为明确干旱和盐胁迫对花生生长发育及衰老特性的影响，以花生品种花育25为试验材料，采用盆栽试验探究了开花期干旱和盐胁迫对花生叶片中渗透调节物质含量及抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明，干旱处理（D）、盐胁迫处理（S）和旱盐共同胁迫处理（DS）均增加了叶片中可溶性蛋白质、可溶性糖、游离氨基酸、脯氨酸、O₂^·、MDA的含量。S处理和DS处理降低了叶片中SOD、POD、CAT活性，且随着胁迫时间的延长而持续降低；而D处理使叶片中SOD、CAT活性有所提高。复水10 d后，D处理叶片中的可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、脯氨酸、游离氨基酸、O₂^·、MDA的含量较复水前下降，除可溶性蛋白外，D处理叶片SOD、POD活性和上述指标与CK差异不显著，但DS处理叶片中的SOD、POD、CAT活性、O₂^·、MDA含量与S处理均差异显著。收获期，D处理单株产量和出仁率与CK差异不显著，但DS处理的单株产量和出仁率与S处理差异显著。分析DAT9的数据得出：干旱和盐胁迫对叶片可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、游离氨基酸和脯氨酸含量无显著的交互作用，但对SOD、POD、CAT活性和O₂^·、MDA含量存在显著的交互作用，旱盐互作抑制了SOD、POD、CAT活性，加剧了对植物细胞膜的过氧化作用，MDA含量增加，最终降低了花生产量和出仁率。因此，盐胁迫下种植花生应及时补水，避免开花期干旱，减少盐胁迫、干旱胁迫和旱盐互作对花生的危害。

关键词: 花生, 旱盐胁迫, 抗氧化酶, 渗透调节物质

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of growth and aging characteristics of peanut under drought and salt stress,using Huayu 25 as material,potted experiment was carried out to study the change of peanut growth and aging characteristics due to the stress of drought and salt at flowering stage.The results showed that drought treatment (D),salt stress treatment (S),drought and salt stress (DS) increased the content of soluble protein,soluble sugar,free amino acid,proline,O₂^· and MDA. S treatment and DS treatment reduced the activity of SOD,POD and CAT in the leaves,which continued to decrease as time prolonged. But D treatment enhanced SOD and CAT activity in the leaves. After 10 days of rehydration,the content of soluble sugar,soluble protein,free amino acid,proline,O₂^· and MDA of D treatment reduced compared with the numerical values which detected before rehydration.D treatment had no significant difference with CK,including activity of SOD and POD and content of O₂^·,MDA,soluble sugar,free amino acid,proline. However,the difference of the activity of SOD,POD,CAT of DS treatment was significant compared with S treatment,so did the content of O₂^· and MDA.In the harvest time,single plant yield and the kernel rate of D treatment had no significant difference with CK,but DS treatment had significant difference with S treatment. Data from DAT9 showed that drought and salt stress had no significant interaction with soluble sugar,soluble protein,free amino acid and proline content in leaves. However,there was significant interaction of SOD,POD,CAT activity and O₂^·,MDA content between drought stress and salt stress. The interaction between drought stress and salt stress inhibited the activity of SOD,POD and CAT and exacerbated the peroxidation of plant cell membranes. Eventually it decreased the single plant yield and the kernel rate. Therefore,peanuts planting under salt stress should avoid the drought at flowering stage to reduce the harm of salt stress,drought stress and the interaction between salt stress and drought stress.

Key words: Peanut, Drought and salt stress, Antioxidant enzymes, Osmoregulation substance

中图分类号: 

• S565.01