摘要： 为了明确西瓜果实形状、果肉颜色等7项果实主要性状的遗传规律及相关性,采用西瓜材料B132-8为母本、B133-4为父本配制杂交组合,构建后代遗传群体,得到F₂ 92株.通过标准化采集后代单株的果实形状、果形指数、果皮覆纹形状、果肉颜色、果肉番茄红素含量、种皮颜色及种子千粒质量等数据,采用SPSS 17.0软件统计分析.结果表明:果实形状、果肉颜色、种皮底色表现出质量性状遗传特征,但F₂不符合孟德尔遗传分离定律,分离比例分别为1:3:1.果皮覆纹形状、西瓜种子千粒质量表现出质量性状遗传,其中齿条和小种子性状分别为显性单基因遗传.果形指数、果肉番茄红素含量表现出数量性状遗传特征,F₂符合正态分布.相关性研究结果表明,果实形状和果形指数、果肉颜色和果肉番茄红素含量分别为极显著正相关,果肉颜色和果实形状、果形指数分别为显著相关.

关键词: 西瓜, 果实性状, 遗传, 相关性

Abstract: The aim of this study was to clarify the genetic and correlation analysis of watermelon main fruit characters,such as fruit shape and flesh colour.The genetic population was developed with B132-8 as maternal plant crossed with B133-4 as paternal plant,we selected 92 F₂.With standard collection,data of fruit shape,fruit ratio,over color pattern of fruit surface,flesh colour,flesh lycopene content,ground colour of seed surface and 1000-seed-weight were collected and statistically analyzed with SPSS 17.0.The results showed that the hereditary feature of qualitative character was manifested by fruit shape,flesh colour and ground color of seed surface.However,the segregation ratio of F₂ wasn't in accordance with Mendelian genetic segregation law,it was only 1 : 3 : 1.There existed qualitative character inheritance in over color pattern of fruit surface and 1 000-seed-weight and dominant inheritance in rack and small seeds.Hereditary feature of quantitative character was manifested by fruit ratio and flesh lycopene content with normal distribution in F₂.The result of correlation showed that fruit shape had highly significant positive correlation with fruit ratio.Flesh color had significant correlation with fruit shape and fruit ratio.

Key words: Watermelon, Fruit characters, Genetic, Correlation

中图分类号: 

• S651.03