摘要： 为了探讨非石灰性潮土长期施肥对小麦-玉米氮素利用及产量品质的影响,基于连续进行36年的长期定位施肥试验,利用¹⁵N示踪法研究了长期施有机肥及其配施氮肥对小麦-玉米氮素吸收利用及产量品质的影响。结果表明:长期施用低量有机肥(M₁)氮素利用率最高为53.15%,其次为低有机肥配施低氮(M₁N₁)处理51.52%,分别比对照(CK)增加了24.33%,20.51%;长期施用高量有机肥配施高量氮肥(M₂N₂)处理,氮素残留率最高为40.07%,其次为高量有机肥配施低量氮肥(M₂N₁)为37.07%,分别比CK增加了42.5%,31.83%;单施低量有机肥(M₁)处理的氮素损失率最低为10.84%,比CK减少了69.56%;施用高量有机肥配施高量氮肥(M₂N₂)小麦-玉米蛋白质含量最高,分别为15.76%,10.88%,比CK增加了14.29%,10.52%;施用高量有机肥配施高量氮肥(M₂N₂)小麦-玉米产量最高,分别比CK增加了500%,428.44%。

关键词: 长期定位施肥, 小麦-玉米, 氮素利用, 产量品质

Abstract: Based on 36 years long-term locating fertilization,the research using the ¹⁵N tracer tests,studied the effects of long-term application of organic fertilizers on nitrogen absorption and utilization of wheat-maize.The results showed that under long-term application of organic fertilizer treatment,the nitrogen efficiency was the highest with 53.15%,and secondly,by the lower organic fertilizer with lower N fertilizer treatment with 51.52%,respectively increased by 24.33% and 20.51% more than CK.Under long-term single organic fertilizer treatment,the residual N was the highest accounting for 40.07%,and secondly,by the high organic fertilizer with lower N fertilizer treatment with 37.07%,respectively increased by 42.5% and 31.83% more than CK.Under long-term application of organic fertilizer treatment,the nitrogen loss rates was the lowest with 10.84%,reduced 69.56% more than CK.Under long-term single organic fertilizer treatment,the protein content was highest of wheat-maize,15.76% and 10.88%,respectively increased by 14.29% and 10.52% more than CK.Under long-term single organic fertilizer treatment,the yield of wheat and maize is the highest respectively increased by 500% and 428.44% more than CK.

Key words: Long-term located fertilization, Wheat-maize, Nitrogen utilization, Yield and quality

中图分类号: 

• S143.1