摘要： 为明确短日照对小豆生长发育、光合和荧光参数的影响,采用不同生育时期短日照诱导处理来调查小豆的形态指标、开花时间及开花节位,在开花期和结荚期测定光合作用和叶绿素荧光。结果表明,与对照相比,短日照诱导使小豆的株高降低、平均茎粗和主茎节数变小、白红2号在开花期和结荚期的节间长度升高,唐山红小豆降低;短日照诱导使小豆的花期提前并降低开花节位;短日照诱导使2个品种的净光合速率在开花期明显升高,在结荚期降低,气孔导度、细胞间CO₂浓度和蒸腾速率在开花期无明显变化,在结荚期,白红2号明显降低,唐山红小豆升高;短日照诱导对开花期的叶绿素含量无明显影响,在结荚期明显降低,与对照相比,白红2号在开花期和结荚期的Fv/Fm升高,唐山红小豆在开花期变化规律不明显,在结荚期升高;短日照诱导使小豆的产量构成因素及产量呈下降趋势。以上结果说明短日照诱导对花荚期小豆的生长发育、光合参数及产量具有调控作用。

关键词: 小豆, 短日照, 开花, 光合作用, 叶绿素荧光

Abstract: In order to clarified the effects of short day photoperiod on growth,photosythesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Adzuki beans.Phenotypic traits,parameters of flowering,photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured under the treatment of short-day photoperiod at different growth stages.The results showed that short-day photoperiod inducement resulted in the decrease of plant height,stem diameters,node number of main stem,internode length of Baihong 2 hao is longer and Tangshanhongxiaodou is shorter at flowering and podding stage.Flowering time earlier and the flower node reduced by short-day photoperiod inducement.Net photosynthetic rate increased significantly at flowering stage and decreased at podding stage,stomatal conductance,concentration of intercellular CO₂ and transpiration rate have no obvious change at flowering stage,but Baihong 2 hao decreased dramaticly and Tangshanhongxiaodou increased at podding stage.Chlorophyll content was not affected by short-day photoperiod inducement at flowering stage,but decreased obviously at podding stage,meanwhile,Fv/Fm of Baihong 2 hao increased at flowering and podding stage,Tangshanhongxiaodou has no significant change at flowering stage but increased at podding stage.A decreasing trend of yield components and yield under the treatment of short-day photoperiod.These results suggested that short-day photoperiod inducement have regulatory role on growth development,photosynthetic parameters and yield of Adzuki beans at flowering and podding stage.

Key words: Adzuki bean, Short-day photoperiod, Flowering characteristics, Photosynthesis, Chlorophyll fluorescence

中图分类号: 

• S521.01