摘要： 以9个新育成的BT型粳稻不育系和5个恢复系及按NCⅡ设计配制的45个组合为材料,研究杂交粳稻上部3片功能叶性状的遗传特征以及与产量性状的相关性。结果表明:杂交粳稻12个功能叶性状均受加性效应和显性效应的影响,但以加性效应占主导地位,其中倒二叶角和倒三叶角受环境等影响较大。各功能叶性状的狭义遗传率和广义遗传率均较大,在早世代选择效果较明显。相关分析表明,叶长、叶宽、叶角的遗传可能是相互独立的,彼此之间的相关性不大。3片功能叶叶长、叶面积及剑叶角与穗长、单株穗数、总粒数、单株产量均呈显著或极显著正相关;叶宽与总粒数呈显著或极显著正相关;千粒重与叶长、叶角呈负相关,与叶宽呈正相关;结实率与功能叶的相关性不显著。上述结果为杂交粳稻高产育种提供了一定的参考和理论依据。

关键词: 杂交粳稻, 功能叶, 遗传分析, 产量性状, 相关性

Abstract: Genetic characterization of functional leaves and its relationship with yield were studied with 9 new BT-type japonica sterile lines and 5 restorer lines by NCⅡ design． The results showed that the genetic variances of 12 functional leaves were affected both additive and dominant effects，but the additive effect was primary． The penultimate leaf angle and third leaf angle from top were affected much by environment． The broad-sense heritability and narrow-sense heritability were higher and it was effect that the functional leaves could be selected in early generation． The heredity of the leaf length， leaf width and leaf angle display distinctively and there were no significant correlations among them． While four yield components such as panicle length，panicle number per plant，grain number of spikelet per panicle and grain yield per plant significantly or high significantly positively correlated with the leaf length， leaf area， flag leaf angle． There were significant or high significant positive correlations between leaf and panicle number per plant． The negative significant difference existed among 1 000-grains weight vs leaf length and lead angle，while positive correlation between 1 000-grain weight and leaf width． There was no significant correlation between seed setting rate and 12 functional leaves． The result has a theoretical significance for breeding japonica hybrid rice with high yield．

Key words: Japonica hybrid rices, Functional leave, Genetic analysis, Yield traits, Correlation

中图分类号: 

• S511． 03