摘要： 以20份类型丰富的F1及亲本甘蓝为试材,探讨了不同甘蓝类型、F1及其亲本材料、供体植株的生长温度、供体植株的花期、高温热激时间、NLN培养基pH值等因素对甘蓝小孢子胚胎产量及质量的影响,为建立高效、完善的结球甘蓝小孢子培养技术体系提供依据。结果表明:不同叶球类型与小孢子的产胚率无明显相关性,但不同栽培季节及熟性的甘蓝品种间却存在显著差异,其中春秋类型的早、中熟甘蓝要明显好于晚熟的越冬甘蓝;用产胚能力强与产胚能力弱的材料分别做亲本杂交,所得杂交种的出胚率介于两亲本之间,表明小孢子产胚能力是一种受基因调控的遗传性状;供体植株的生长温度对于结球甘蓝胚状体的产生并无显著影响;从胚胎发生频率及胚胎质量来说,初花后10 d内(开花初期至盛花中期)是取样的最佳花期阶段;对于大多数基因型而言,32.5℃热激预培养48 h较24 h更有利于胚胎发生,热激32.5℃48 h并结合NLN-pH6.2为最佳处理组合,比目前在甘蓝类蔬菜中常用的32.5℃24 h+NLN-pH5.8的培养体系在基因型反应范围及胚胎发生频率方面都有显著提高。

关键词: 结球甘蓝, 小孢子培养, 技术优化

Abstract: "In order to efficiently promote embryoid induction of cabbage in microspore culture,Some factors affecting microspore culture of cabbage were studied on 20 genotypes of common cabbage(including different types of F1 and their partly parents),condition temperature,flowering priod,temperature of heat shock treatment time,and the optimal pH in NLN-13.The results show that the microspore embryo yield had no correlation with head types of cabbage,but there was significant relation between different maturity of cabbage and microspore embryo yield,early-maturing materials got higher microspore embryo yield than late-maturing.The microspore embryo yield of F1 lied between their parents whose embryogenic abilities were significant different.Condition temperature had no correlation with microspore embryogenesis efficiency.Regarding quantity and quality of microspore embryo,10 days after the first flower appeared in stem was the optimal period for microspore culture.For most genotypes,32.5℃ heat shock treatment for 48 h had better effect than 24 h.The combined treatment(the combination of heat shock at 32.5℃ for 48 h with pH6.2 in NLN-13) resulted in higher diploids frequency in the regenerated population compared to traditional microspore culture protocol in which usually microspore are cultured in NLN-13(pH5.8) after heat shocking at 32.5℃ for 24 h"

Key words: Cabbage, Isolated microspore culture, Optimum condition

中图分类号: 

• S635.1