摘要： 研究了不同水分条件下保水剂对小麦增产的效应，结果表明，施用保水剂可以增加小麦穗长和穗粒数、提高千粒重，从而提高小麦产量。不灌水条件下施用保水剂可增产8.42%～22.75%，以60 kg/hm²和45 kg/hm²处理较好；灌一水条件下施用保水剂可增产10.86%～19.86%，以45 kg/hm²处理最好；灌二水条件下施用保水剂可增产10.79%～18.42%。水分利用率在不同处理间也有很大差异，不灌水条件下施用保水剂降水利用率分别提高1.11～2.99kg/(mm.hm²)，以60 kg/hm²处理提高最多；灌一水条件下施用保水剂时灌水利用率分别增加0.063～0.206 kg/m³，以30kg/hm²处理最高；灌二水条件下施用保水剂灌水利用率分别增加0.029～0.192 kg/m3，以90 kg/hm²处理提高最多。说明保水剂对旱地小麦产量和水分利用率的提高具有积极效果，并表现为水分匮乏时显著，充分时减弱的特点。

关键词: 保水剂, 小麦, 增产效应, 水分利用率

Abstract: On the study of nutrient water-retaining agent on wheat production and water utilization under different moisture conditions, the results showed nutrient water-retaining agent could improve wheat spike length, spike grains, 1000 grain weight and yield. The yield of nutrient water-retaining agent treatments could be increased 8.42%-22.75%under no irrigated condition, the treatment of 60 kg/ha was the best one. The yield of nutrient water-retaining agent treatments could be increased 10.86%-19.86%under once irrigated condition, the treatment of 45 kg/ha was the best one. The yield of nutrient water-retaining agent treatments could be increased 10.79%-18.42%under twice-irrigated condition, the difference was reduced among the treatments of nutrient water-retaining agent. However, the efficiency of precipitation and irrigated water utilization also had notable difference among different volume of treatment nutrient water-retaining agent treatments under different moisture conditions, which had the same tendency to the production increased. In a word, the application of nutrient water-retaining agent had a positive role on wheat production and the efficiency of water utilization.

Key words: Nutrient water-retaining agent, Wheat, Increase production effect, Efficiency of water utilization

中图分类号: 

• S512.101