园艺作物远缘杂交受精前生殖障碍及其克服方法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.z1.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 受精前障碍是影响园艺作物远缘杂交育种成功与否的首要因素。文章概述了远缘杂交在园艺作物育种领域的重要意义和最新进展；从亲本育性和杂交亲和性两个方面对受精前生殖障碍的类型、特征和机理进行了综述和分析；重点阐述了克服远缘杂交受精前障碍的方法，包括合理选择亲本、物理处理花粉和柱头、化学处理花粉和柱头、改良授粉方式、试管离体受精、体细胞融合和使用桥梁亲本等；最后对未来研究的重点和方向进行了展望。

关键词: 远缘杂交, 生殖障碍, 受精前障碍, 植物育性, 杂交亲和性

Abstract: The prefertilization barrier was a decisive factor for successful distant hybridization in horticulturalcrops． The research progress and value of distant hybridization in the field of horticultural crop breeding in recentyears was summarized chiefly． The types， characteristics and mechanisms of prefertilization barriers were reviewedand analyzed comprehensively， including parents' fertilities and crossing compatibility， with emphases on the effective methods to overcome the barriers． These methods include selecting suitable parents， treating the pollens andstyles by physical or chemical methods， improving the ways of pollination， fertilization in vitro in the tube， somaticfusion and using bridge parents， etc． At last， the future research emphasis and aim in this field was suggested by theauthors．

Key words: Distant hybridization, Reproductive barrier, Prefertilization barrier, Plant fertility, Cross compatibility

中图分类号:

S603

DENG Yan-ming, YE Xiao-qing. The Prefertilization Reproductive Barriers and Overcoming Methods of Horticultural Crops Distant Hybridization[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-7091.2012.z1.017.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2012/V27/IS1/81

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