摘要： 对4个优良普×爆组合连续选优后F₃,F₄,F₅,BC₁S₁,BC₁S₂,BC₁S₃,BC₂S₁,BC₂S₂和BC₂S₃的爆花率、膨化倍数、穗粒重和百粒重的分析结果表明:各世代不同组合穗粒重和百粒重的平均值、变异系数以及优于亲本的植株数均存在较大差异,而爆花率和膨化倍数的差异较小;回交后代连续自交较直接连续自交穗粒重和百粒重有所减小, 而爆花率和膨化倍数增大;各世代所有性状均存在较大变异,且以穗粒重最大,爆花率最小,而且随着选择世代的增加,穗粒重和百粒重均明显减小,而爆花率和膨化倍数明显增大;各世代爆花率和膨化倍数与爆裂亲本多呈显著或极 显著正相关,而穗粒重和百粒重与亲本多呈显著或极显著负相关。

关键词: 爆裂玉米, 普通玉米, 回交, 自交, 膨爆特性, 穗粒重

Abstract: It is an effective method to use normal maize inbreds to improve popcorn germplasm. To evaluate the practical result, the expansion fold,popping rate, ear-kernel weight and 100- kernel weight of F₃,F₄,F₅,BC₁S₁,BC₁S₂,BC₁S₃,BC₂S₁,BC₂S₂ and BC₂S₃ by successive selection on the F₂,BC₁ and BG₂ progenies from four selected normal corn × popcorn crosses were measured and analyzed. The result showed that the average ear-kernel weight,100- kernel weight and their variation range, variation coefficients and the plant numbers superior to their popcorn inbreds were all greatly different among various crosses for all progenies, but small for expansion fold and popping rate. Compared with direct successive self selection, one or two backcrosses with the popcorn inbred decreased the ear-kernel weight and 100- kernel weight,but the expansion fold and popping rate increased. There were great variations in all progenies for each character, of which ear-kernel weight were the biggest, and popping rate the smallest. As successive selections going on, ear-kernel weight and 100- kernelweight decreased greatly, but expansion fold and popping rate increased significantly. There were positively significance or greatly significant correlations between all progenies and their popcorn inbreds for expansion fold and popping rate,but almost all negatively significance or greatly significance for ear-kernel weight and 100-kernelweight.

Key words: Popcorn, Normal corn, Backcrossing, Selfing, Popping characteristics, Ear-kernel weight

中图分类号: 

• S513.01