摘要： 分别用3种浓度的盐酸、氢氧化钠、马来酰肼、山梨酸、水杨酸和乙烯利对洋葱鳞茎进行不同的处理(收获前1 d叶部喷施、收获后浸根).结果表明,收获前1d经化学药剂叶部喷施后90 d时,用盐酸1 00mg/kg、氢氧化钠50 mg/kg、马来酰肼1 600mg/kg、水杨酸1000 mg/kg、乙烯利200mg/kg处理者,鳞茎发芽率分别比对照降低35.29%,17.65%,2.8%,13.50%和35.29%,差异均达显著或极显著水平,其抑制效果顺序为:乙烯利200mg/kg＞盐酸100mg/kg＞马来酰肼1600mg/kg＞氢氧化钠50 mg/kg＞水杨酸1000 mg/kg.鳞茎收获后经化学药剂浸根处理后90 d时,用盐酸2100mg/kg、氢氧化钠300mg/kg、马来酰肼2000 mg/kg、山梨酸2000 mg/kg、水杨酸800mg/kg、乙烯利200mg/kg处理者,鳞茎发芽率分别比对照降低28.13%,28.13%,28.13%,0.62%,28.13%和3.37%,差异均达显著或极显著水平,其抑制效果顺序为:山梨酸2000 mg/kg＞乙烯利200mg/kg＞盐酸2100mg/kg＞马来酰肼2000 mg/kg＞氢氧化钠300mg/kg＞水杨酸800mg/kg.

关键词: 化学药剂, 洋葱鳞茎, 抑制, 萌发

Abstract: Onion bulbs were treated with six kinds of chemicals( hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, malefic hydrazide, sorbic acid, salicylic acid，ethylene)in three concentration at the time of 14 d in front harves and after harvest by spraying and dipping. The results showed that there were significant inhibiting effect on the onion bulbs germination rate by spraying with five kinds of chemicals. The germination rate by spraying with HCl 1400 mg /kg，NaOH 450 mg/kg，MH 1600 mg/kg, SA 1000 mg/kg and ETH 200 mg/kg was 35.29%， 17.65%,24.84%，13.50%,35.29%lower than that of control respectively. The difference was significant or most significant. The inhibiting order was ETH 200 mg/kg>HCl 1400 mg/kg>MH 1600 mg/kg>NaOH 450 mg/kg>SA 1000 mg/kg. There were significant inhibiting effect on the onion bulbs germination rate by dipping with six kinds of chemicals. The germination rate by dipping with HCl 2100 mg/kg，NaOH 300 mg/ kg,MH 2000 mg/kg,SBA 2000 mg/kg,SA 800 mg/kg and ETH 200 mg/kg was 28.13%,28.13%,28.13%， 40.62%,28.13%,34.37%lower than that of control.The difference was significant or most significant.The inhibiting order was SBA 2000 mg/kg>ETH 200 mg/kg>HCl 2100 mg/kg>MH 2000 mg/kg > NaOH 300 mg/kg>SA 800 mg/kg.

Key words: Chemicals, Onion bulbs, Inhibiting, Germination

中图分类号: 

• S633.209.3