摘要： 对S22、478、489自交系及其单交、回交、自交后代共16个基因型的种子发芽和幼苗特性研究表明：①S22（深色）、S22（中色）、及（S22×489）自交和回交后代各项指标均较差，且物质运转率低；S22（浅色）与478相比，发芽率较高，但发芽较慢。②单交种的种子发芽和幼苗特性均随着杂种优势的产生而显着提高，自交、回交后代又随杂种优势的衰退而明显降低。③种子发芽及幼苗特性与粒色有关，受母本胞质基因的影响。④S22的种子发芽和出苗特性可以通过后代选择予以改良。

关键词: 玉米自交系, 种子发芽率, 幼苗特性

Abstract: Analysis on the seed germination and seedling characters of 16 different genetypes showed that:(1)All characters for S 22 (dark),S 22 (middle) and the self bred F 2 ,S 3 and backcrosses were poor and they had low transformation percentage of stored substance from embryoes to shoot or root.S 22 (light) had as high germination percentage as 478,but its germination speed was low.(2) The germination and seedling characters for the single crosses made from S 22 with 478 or 489 improved significantly, and those of the progenies decreased with the reduction of heterosis.(3)It seemed that all characters were related with S 22 seed colours and affected by female’s cytogenes.(4) The seed germination and seedling characters of S 22 could be improved by special selection from single cross progenies.

Key words: Maize inbred, Seed germination percentage, Seedling characters

中图分类号: 

• S513