摘要： 在土壤-植物-大气系统中，土壤有效水分贮存量、作物耗水量和有效降水量是农田水分平衡的主要组成因子。土壤水分预报模型综合分析了它们的动态变化，给出了未来农田实际蒸散量和土壤有效水分含量；决策模型则根据不同生育阶段的作物水分指标、产量反应系数、和以取得最大经济效益为目的的目标函数，进行优化灌溉决策──灌或不灌、灌溉期和灌溉量。

关键词: 优化灌溉, 模型, 决策, 目标函数

Abstract: In soil-plant-atmosphere system, soil available water content, crop water consumption, and effective precipitation are the main factors in water balance equation of farmland.The sub-model of predicting soil water content analyses comprehensively their dynamic changes and tells in advance the actual evapotranspiration of farmland and soil available water content in the future.The sub-model of making strategic decision of optimal irrigation makes the decision of conducting irrigation or not, and the irrigation schedule and quota required, if irrigation is necessary, based on crop water indices,cocficients response to yield in different stages of crop growth, and the objective function aiming at obtaining the maximum economic benefit.

Key words: Optimal irritagion, Model, Strategic decision, Target function

中图分类号: 

• S512.107