夜间增温与施硅对稻田CH<sub>4</sub>和N<sub>2</sub>O双消减耦合过程的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20195448

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

研究硅肥对增温稻田甲烷(CH₄)厌氧氧化与氧化亚氮(N₂O)还原耦合过程的影响效应,为探索稻田温室气体双减排的新途径提供科学依据。设置夜间常温不施硅(CK)、夜间增温不施硅(NW)、夜间常温施硅(Si)和夜间增温施硅(NW+Si) 4个田间处理。采集上述处理后的耕层土壤,在不同气体底物(¹³CH₄、¹³CH₄+N₂O、N₂O)添加条件下进行厌氧培养,采用同位素标记法结合定量PCR技术,研究增温和施硅对稻田N₂O驱动的CH₄厌氧氧化过程的影响效应。结果表明,NW稻田N₂O驱动的CH₄厌氧氧化速率为3.99 nmol/(g·d),与CK稻田无显著差异;Si稻田中该氧化速率仅为1.90 nmol/(g·d),显著低于CK和NW+Si稻田,表明施硅对常温稻田CH₄厌氧氧化与N₂O还原的耦合过程具有抑制作用,而夜间增温对该过程则无显著影响。添加¹³CH₄+N₂O处理下4个稻田的mcrA基因数量达到3.53×10⁷~8.19×10⁷拷贝/g,比¹³CH₄处理高24%~35%,而厌氧pmoA基因则在这2个处理之间无显著差异,说明CH₄厌氧氧化古菌可能直接参与了¹³CH₄氧化和N₂O还原的耦合过程。nosZ Ⅱ基因拷贝数与N₂O驱动的CH₄氧化速率呈显著正相关,表明nosZ Ⅱ型微生物可能在N₂O驱动的CH₄氧化过程中发挥重要作用。与常温稻田不同,施硅对增温稻田的CH₄厌氧氧化与N₂O还原耦合过程并无抑制作用,CH₄厌氧氧化古菌和nosZ Ⅱ型N₂O还原菌可能参与了该耦合过程。

关键词: 稻田, 增温, 施硅, CH₄, N₂O, mcrA基因, nosZ基因, 耦合效应

Abstract:

To study the effect of silicon fertilizer on the coupled process of methane (CH₄) anaerobic oxidation and nitrous oxide (N₂O) reduction in warming paddy fields,it could provide scientific evidence for exploring new ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in paddy fields.Four field treatments were set up,including no silicon application at ambient nighttime temperature (CK),no silicon application at nighttime warming (NW),silicon application at ambient nighttime temperature (Si),and silicon application at nighttime warming (NW+Si).Surface soils were collected of above-mentioned treatments,and were conducted anaerobic cultivation under different gas (¹³CH₄,¹³CH₄+N₂O,N₂O) addition conditions.Using isotope labeling method combined with quantitative PCR technology,it aimed to study the effect of warming and silicon application on the CH₄ anaerobic oxidation driven by N₂O reduction in paddy fields.The CH₄ oxidation rate driven by N₂O reduction in NW paddy fields was 3.99 nmol/(g·d),which was not significantly different from that in CK paddy fields;the CH₄ oxidation rate in Si paddy fields was only 1.90 nmol/(g·d),significantly lower than that in CK and NW+Si paddy fields.This indicated that silicon application had an inhibitory effect on the coupling process of CH₄ anaerobic oxidation and N₂O reduction in paddy fields at ambient temperature,while nighttime warming had no significant effect on this process.Under the addition of ¹³CH₄+N₂O treatment,the number of mcrA genes in four paddy fields reached 3.53×10⁷-8.19×10⁷ copies/g,which was 24%-35% higher than that in the ¹³CH₄ treatment.However,there was no difference in the anaerobic pmoA gene between these two treatments,indicating that the anaerobic oxidizing archaea M.nitroreducens might directly participate in the coupling process of ¹³CH₄ oxidation and N₂O reduction.The copy number of nosZ Ⅱ gene was significantly positively correlated with CH₄ oxidation rate driven by N₂O reduction,indicating that nosZ Ⅱ microorganisms might play an important role in this CH₄ oxidation process.Unlike paddy fields at ambient temperature,silicon application had no inhibitory effect on the coupled process of CH₄ anaerobic oxidation and N₂O reduction in paddy fields with nighttime warming.The CH₄ anaerobic oxidating archaea M.nitroreducens and nosZ Ⅱtype N₂O reducing bacteria may be involved in this coupling process.

Key words: Paddy fields, Warming, Silicom application, CH₄, N₂O, mcrA gene, nosZ gene, Coupling effect

中图分类号:

S154.1

滕钊军, 谢晴, 陈汉, 张耀鸿, 娄运生, 蔡元锋, 贾仲君. 夜间增温与施硅对稻田CH₄和N₂O双消减耦合过程的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2025, 40(4): 166-174. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195448.

TENG Zhaojun, XIE Qing, CHEN Han, ZHANG Yaohong, LOU Yunsheng, CAI Yuanfeng, JIA Zhongjun. Effects of Nighttime Warming and Silicon Application on the Coupling Process of CH₄ and N₂O Double Reduction in Paddy Fields[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2025, 40(4): 166-174. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20195448.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2025/V40/I4/166

图/表 7

参考文献 30

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基因Gene	引物Primer	循环条件Thermal cycling condition
厌氧型pmoA Anaerobic pmoA	Cmo182(5'-TCACGTTGACGCCGATCC-3') Com568(5'-GCACATACTCCATCCCCATC-3')	94 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 45 s, 56 ℃ 50 s, 72 ℃ 50 s,30个循环;72 ℃ 5 min
硝酸盐型mcrA Nitrate type mcrA	McrA159F(5'-AAGTGCGGAGCAGCAATCACC-3') MerA345R(5'-CGTCCCATTCCTGCTGCATTGC-3')	50 ℃ 2 min, 95 ℃ 10 min;95 ℃ 30 s, 57 ℃ 45 s, 72 ℃ 50 s,40个循环
nosZ Ⅰ	1840F(5'-CGCRACGGCAASAAGGTSMSSGT-3') 2090R(5'-CAKRTGCAKSGCRTGGCACAA-3')	95 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 15 s, 65 ℃ 30 s, 60 ℃ 30 s,35个循环
nosZ Ⅱ	nosZ ⅠF(5'-CTIGGICCIYTKCAYAC-3') nosZ ⅠR(5'-GCIGARCARAAITCBGTRC-3')	95 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 30 s, 54 ℃ 60 s, 72 ℃ 60 s,35个循环

基因Gene	引物Primer	循环条件Thermal cycling condition
厌氧型pmoA Anaerobic pmoA	Cmo182(5'-TCACGTTGACGCCGATCC-3') Com568(5'-GCACATACTCCATCCCCATC-3')	94 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 45 s, 56 ℃ 50 s, 72 ℃ 50 s,30个循环;72 ℃ 5 min
硝酸盐型mcrA Nitrate type mcrA	McrA159F(5'-AAGTGCGGAGCAGCAATCACC-3') MerA345R(5'-CGTCCCATTCCTGCTGCATTGC-3')	50 ℃ 2 min, 95 ℃ 10 min;95 ℃ 30 s, 57 ℃ 45 s, 72 ℃ 50 s,40个循环
nosZ Ⅰ	1840F(5'-CGCRACGGCAASAAGGTSMSSGT-3') 2090R(5'-CAKRTGCAKSGCRTGGCACAA-3')	95 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 15 s, 65 ℃ 30 s, 60 ℃ 30 s,35个循环
nosZ Ⅱ	nosZ ⅠF(5'-CTIGGICCIYTKCAYAC-3') nosZ ⅠR(5'-GCIGARCARAAITCBGTRC-3')	95 ℃ 5 min;95 ℃ 30 s, 54 ℃ 60 s, 72 ℃ 60 s,35个循环

处理 Treatment	有机碳含量/ (g/kg) Organic carbon content	水溶性有机碳含量/(mg/kg) Soluble organic carbon content	总氮含量/ (g/kg) Total nitrogen content	铵态氮含量/ (mg/kg) Ammonium nitrogen content	硝态氮含量/ (mg/kg) Nitrate nitrogen content	有效磷含量/ (mg/kg) Available phosphorus content	速效钾含量/ (mg/kg) Available potassium content	pH
CK	20.95±0.48b	171.00±2.65c	1.41±0.01b	15.77±1.13b	11.79±0.70c	20.71±0.80ab	85.47±0.71c	6.32±0.06ab
NW	18.53±0.19d	154.00±2.72d	1.22±0.01d	14.48±0.79b	10.83±0.80c	19.34±1.35b	81.07±0.78d	6.25±0.05b
NW+Si	19.29±0.11c	199.00±4.59b	1.38±0.02c	16.25±0.91b	14.11±0.55b	20.93±0.82ab	91.40±0.82b	6.38±0.05ab
Si	23.22±0.38a	216.67±5.11a	1.46±0.01a	18.04±0.91a	16.34±0.16a	22.31±0.84a	95.60±1.61a	6.44±0.04a

处理 Treatment	有机碳含量/ (g/kg) Organic carbon content	水溶性有机碳含量/(mg/kg) Soluble organic carbon content	总氮含量/ (g/kg) Total nitrogen content	铵态氮含量/ (mg/kg) Ammonium nitrogen content	硝态氮含量/ (mg/kg) Nitrate nitrogen content	有效磷含量/ (mg/kg) Available phosphorus content	速效钾含量/ (mg/kg) Available potassium content	pH
CK	20.95±0.48b	171.00±2.65c	1.41±0.01b	15.77±1.13b	11.79±0.70c	20.71±0.80ab	85.47±0.71c	6.32±0.06ab
NW	18.53±0.19d	154.00±2.72d	1.22±0.01d	14.48±0.79b	10.83±0.80c	19.34±1.35b	81.07±0.78d	6.25±0.05b
NW+Si	19.29±0.11c	199.00±4.59b	1.38±0.02c	16.25±0.91b	14.11±0.55b	20.93±0.82ab	91.40±0.82b	6.38±0.05ab
Si	23.22±0.38a	216.67±5.11a	1.46±0.01a	18.04±0.91a	16.34±0.16a	22.31±0.84a	95.60±1.61a	6.44±0.04a

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夜间增温与施硅对稻田CH₄和N₂O双消减耦合过程的影响

Effects of Nighttime Warming and Silicon Application on the Coupling Process of CH₄ and N₂O Double Reduction in Paddy Fields

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夜间增温与施硅对稻田CH4和N2O双消减耦合过程的影响

Effects of Nighttime Warming and Silicon Application on the Coupling Process of CH4 and N2O Double Reduction in Paddy Fields

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夜间增温与施硅对稻田CH₄和N₂O双消减耦合过程的影响

Effects of Nighttime Warming and Silicon Application on the Coupling Process of CH₄ and N₂O Double Reduction in Paddy Fields