壳寡糖对羽衣甘蓝芽苗硫代葡萄糖苷及抗氧化活性的影响

doi:10.7668/hbnxb.20194448

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为探究壳寡糖(COS)对羽衣甘蓝芽苗生长的影响,为芽苗生产上壳寡糖的合理施用提供参考,以京羽一号为试验材料,在种子发芽后施用不同质量浓度COS(25,50,75,100 mg/L)溶液,观察壳寡糖对羽衣甘蓝芽苗生长指标、硫代葡萄糖苷(简称硫苷)含量及抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明,施用75 mg/L COS处理的羽衣甘蓝芽苗总酚、总黄酮、总硫苷质量以及黑芥子酶活性和DPPH自由基清除率呈现上升趋势,且与对照差异显著,较对照分别增加25.99%,17.99%,29.68%,141.88%和2.51%;100 mg/L COS处理的羽衣甘蓝芽苗的产量及总酚、总黄酮、钠和硼含量及黑芥子酶活性也得到了相应提升,且与对照差异显著,较对照分别增加了15.21%,21.29%,22.47%,15.97%,32.63%,97.71%。经相关性分析,可以得出芽苗的产量与类胡萝卜素、总酚、总黄酮含量及DPPH自由基清除率均呈显著正相关关系。综上可得,经壳寡糖处理后可提高羽衣甘蓝芽苗的产量,提升芽苗的营养品质和抗氧化能力,增加芽苗的食用价值。

关键词: 羽衣甘蓝, 壳寡糖, 芽苗, 生长, 抗氧化能力, 硫苷

Abstract:

In order to investigate the effect of chitooligosaccharides (COS) on the growth of kale sprouts and to provide a reference for the rational application of chitooligosaccharides in the production of sprouts,this study used Jingyu 1 as the test material,and applied different concentrations of COS (25,50,75,100 mg/L) to the seeds after germination to observe the effects of COS on the growth indexes,content of glucosinolates and antioxidant capacity.The results showed that total phenolics content,total flavonoids content,total glucosinolates content,myrosinase enzyme activity and DPPH free radicals scavenging rate of 75 mg/L COS-treated kale sprouts showed an upward trend,and the differences were significant with the control,with increases of 25.99%,17.99%,29.68%,141.88%,and 2.51%,respectively;the yield and total phenolics content,total flavonoids content,sodium content,boron content and myrosinase enzyme activity,of 100 mg/L COS-treated kale sprouts were also enhanced accordingly and differed significantly from the control,increasing by 15.21%,21.29%,22.47%,15.97%,32.63%,97.71%,respectively.After correlation analysis,it could be obtained that the yield of sprouted seedlings was significantly and positively correlated with the content of carotenoids,total phenolics,and total flavonoids and DPPH free radicals scavenging rate.In conclusion,chitosan treatment could increase the yield of kale sprouts,improve the nutritional quality and antioxidant capacity of sprouts,and increase the edible value of sprouts.

Key words: Kale, Chitooligosaccharides, Sprouts, Growth, Antioxidant capacity, Glucosinolates

沈巧玲, 刘光敏, 王亚钦, 赵子璇, 魏蕾, 何洪巨, 刘海河. 壳寡糖对羽衣甘蓝芽苗硫代葡萄糖苷及抗氧化活性的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2024, 39(1): 104-112. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194448.

SHEN Qiaoling, LIU Guangmin, WANG Yaqin, ZHAO Zixuan, WEI Lei, HE Hongju, LIU Haihe. Effects on Glucosinolates and Antioxidant Activity of Chitooligosaccharides on Kale Sprouts[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica, 2024, 39(1): 104-112. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.20194448.

http://www.hbnxb.net/CN/Y2024/V39/I1/104

图/表 11

参考文献 36

[1]	张和义, 胡萌潮, 李苏迎. 芽苗菜生产新技术[M]. 北京: 金盾出版社, 2014.
	Zhang H Y, Hu M C, Li S Y. New technology of sprout production[M]. Beijing: Jindun Press, 2014.
[2]	Uuh-narvaez J J, Segura-campos M R. Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var.capitata):a food with functional properties aimed to type 2 diabetes prevention and management[J]. Journal of Food Science, 2021, 86(11):4775-4798.doi:10.1111/1750-3841.15939. pmid: 34658044
[3]	车功恒, 张国华, 肖军霞, 李晓丹, 郭丽萍. 蓝光光周期对甘蓝芽苗菜营养品质的影响[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2022, 43(14):16-22.doi:10.12161/j.issn.1005-6521.2022.14.003.
	Che G H, Zhang G H, Xiao J X, Li X D, Guo L P. Effect of blue light photoperiods on nutritional quality of cabbage sprouts[J]. Food Research and Development, 2022, 43(14):16-22.
[4]	Cartea M E, Velasco P. Glucosinolates in Brassica foods:bioavailability in food and significance for human health[J]. Phytochemistry Reviews, 2008, 7(2):213-229.doi:10.1007/s11101-007-9072-2. URL
[5]	Vaughn S F, Berhow M A. Glucosinolate hydrolysis products from various plant sources:pH effects,isolation,and purification[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2005, 21(2):193-202.doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2004.03.004. URL
[6]	Sønderby I E, Geu-Flores F, Halkier B A. Biosynthesis of glucosinolates-gene discovery and beyond[J]. Trends in Plant Science, 2010, 15(5):283-290.doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2010.02.005. pmid: 20303821
[7]	Sun B, Liu N, Zhao Y T, Yan H Z, Wang Q M. Variation of glucosinolates in three edible parts of Chinese kale (Brassica alboglabra Bailey) varieties[J]. Food Chemistry, 2011, 124(3):941-947.doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.031. URL
[8]	Lin L Z, Harnly J M. Identification of the phenolic components of collard greens,kale,and Chinese broccoli[J]. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2009, 57(16):7401-7408.doi:10.1021/jf901121v. URL
[9]	Ku K M, Jeffery E H, Juvik J A. Exogenous methyl jasmonate treatment increases glucosinolate biosynthesis and quinone reductase activity in kale leaf tissue[J]. PLoS One, 2014, 9(8):e103407.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103407. URL
[10]	Miao H Y, Wang M Y, Chang J Q, Tao H, Sun B, Wang Q M. Effects of glucose and gibberellic acid on glucosinolate content and antioxidant properties of Chinese kale sprouts[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University Science B, 2017, 18(12):1093-1100.doi:10.1631/jzus.B1700308. URL
[11]	范丽萍, 刘志伟, 焦文娟, 黄利华. 壳寡糖复合物的制备及其功效研究进展[J]. 食品工业科技, 2022, 43(9):404-415.doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2021040148.
	Fan L P, Liu Z W, Jiao W J, Huang L H. Research progress on preparation and efficacy of chiooligosaccharide complex[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2022, 43(9):404-415.
[12]	杨顺, 唐鸿吕, 许忠民, 黄炜, 李大伟, 费思明, 魏文婧. 壳寡糖对盐胁迫下甘蓝幼苗生理特性的影响[J]. 分子植物育种, 2023, 20:1-12.
	Yang S, Tang H L, Xu Z M, Huang W, Li D W, Fei S M, Wei W J. Effects of chitooligosaccharides on the physiological characteristics of kale seedlings under salt stress[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2023, 20:1-12.
[13]	Zong H Y, Li K C, Liu S, Song L, Xing R E, Chen X L, Li P C. Improvement in cadmium tolerance of edible rape (Brassica rapa L.) with exogenous application of chitooligosaccharide[J]. Chemosphere, 2017, 181:92-100.doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.024. URL
[14]	冶楠, 朱艳, 赵元寿, 朱建宁, 门佳伟, 陈富, 孔德媛, 张卫兵, 宗元元, 李永才. 壳寡糖浸种对马铃薯微型薯芽生长和内源激素含量的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(4):788-800.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.016.
	Ye N, Zhu Y, Zhao Y S, Zhu J N, Men J W, Chen F, Kong D Y, Zhang W B, Zong Y Y, Li Y C. Effects of seed soaking with chitooligosaccharide on the growth of sprout and endogenous phytohormone content in potato minitubers[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(4):788-800. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2023.04.016
[15]	李合生. 植物生理生化实验原理和技术[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2000.
	Li H S. Principles and techniques of plant physiology and biochemistry experiments[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2000.
[16]	田璐. NaCl和CaCl₂处理对西兰花芽苗菜营养与功能品质的影响[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2017.
	Tian L. Effects of NaCl and CaCl₂ treatments on the nutritional and functional properties of broccoli sprouts[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2017.
[17]	赵登奇, 孙亚天, 黄建颖, 宋亦超. 西兰花叶中生物活性成分的测定[J]. 核农学报, 2020, 34(6):1266-1271.doi:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2020.06.1266.
	Zhao D Q, Sun Y T, Huang J Y, Song Y C. Determination of bioactive ingredients in broccoli leaves[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 34(6):1266-1271. doi: 10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2020.06.1266
[18]	高诗薇. 西兰花芽苗中生物活性物质的富集工艺研究与应用[D]. 西安: 西北大学, 2022.doi:10.27405/d.cnki.gxbdu.2022.002167.
	Gao S W. Research and application on enrichment process of bioactator in broccoli sprouts[D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2022.
[19]	刘倩男, 黄伟, 丁云花, 王亚钦, 胡丽萍, 赵学志, 何洪巨, 刘光敏. 青花菜中硫代葡萄糖苷RAA和GBC的近红外光谱快速测定[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(21):4497-4506.doi:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.017.
	Liu Q N, Huang W, Ding Y H, Wang Y Q, Hu L P, Zhao X Z, He H J, Liu G M. Rapid determination of RAA and GBC in broccoli by near infrared spectroscopy[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(21):4497-4506. doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2020.21.017
[20]	李昕悦, 杨润强, 王沛, 田璐, 顾振新. 芝麻菜种子萌发过程中芽苗生长和硫苷代谢[J]. 食品工业科技, 2018, 39(2):51-55,60.doi:10.13386/j.issn1002-0306.2018.02.010.
	Li X Y, Yang R Q, Wang P, Tian L, Gu Z X. The changes of growth status and glucosinolate metabolism during the germination of rocket seeds[J]. Science and Technology of Food Industry, 2018, 39(2):51-55,60.
[21]	初婷, 彭畅, 郭丽萍. MgSO₄处理对西兰花芽苗菜生理活性物质和抗氧化能力的影响[J]. 食品科学, 2018, 39(11):53-59.doi:10.7506/spkx1002-6630-201811009.
	Chu T, Peng C, Guo L P. Effect of MgSO₄ treatment on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity in broccoli sprouts[J]. Food Science, 2018, 39(11):53-59.
[22]	张志鹏, 傅兆麟. 小麦叶片叶绿素含量与产量关系研究进展综述[J]. 安徽农学通报, 2015, 21(10):36-37,81.doi:10.16377/j.cnki.issn1007-7731.2015.10.014.
	Zhang Z P, Fu Z L. Research progress of relationship between chlorophyll content of wheat leaves and yield[J]. Anhui Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2015, 21(10):36-37,81.
[23]	Fang H, Song H Y, Cao F, He Y, Qiu Z J. Study on the relationship between spectral properties of oilseed rape leaves and their chlorophyll content[J]. Guang Pu Xue Yu Guang Pu Fen Xi, 2007, 27(9):1731-1734.
[24]	Bae I Y, An J S, Oh I K, Lee H G. Optimized preparation of anthocyanin-rich extract from black rice and its effects on in vitro digestibility[J]. Food Science and Biotechnology, 2017, 26(5):1415-1422.doi:10.1007/s10068-017-0188-x. URL
[25]	Zhu F. Triticale:Nutritional composition and food uses[J]. Food Chemistry, 2018, 241:468-479.doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.09.009. URL
[26]	Senol F S, Kan A, Coksari G, Orhan I E. Antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects of frequently consumed cereal grains using in vitro test models[J]. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 2012, 63(5):553-559.doi:10.3109/09637486.2011.641943. URL
[27]	Xie W M, Xu P X, Liu Q. Antioxidant activity of water-soluble chitosan derivatives[J]. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2001, 11(13):1699-1701.doi:10.1016/s0960-894x(01)00285-2. URL
[28]	周桂, 靳晓芸, 邓光辉, 丘立杭, 邹成林, 李杨瑞. 壳寡糖诱导甘蔗叶多酚与防御酶活性的变化[J]. 南方农业学报, 2011, 42(8):874-877.doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-1191.2011.08.011.
	Zhou G, Jin X Y, Deng G H, Qiu L H, Zou C L, Li Y R. Chitosan oligosaccharide induced changes in polyphenols and defense enzymes activities in sugarcane leaves[J]. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2011, 42(8):874-877.
[29]	程坤, 杨丽梅, 方智远, 刘玉梅, 庄木, 张扬勇, 孙培田. 十字花科植物中主要硫代葡萄糖苷合成与调节基因的研究进展[J]. 中国蔬菜, 2010(12):1-6.doi:10.19928/j.cnki.1000-6346.2010.12.001.
	Cheng K, Yang L M, Fang Z Y, Liu Y M, Zhuang M, Zhang Y Y, Sun P T. Research progress on regulation and synthesis genes on glucosinolates biosynthesis in crucifer[J]. China Vegetables, 2010(12):1-6.
[30]	王枭, 王齐蕾, 郑孝桦, 吕新刚. 不同品种西兰花芽中黑芥子酶的筛选、微囊化及特性评价[C]. 西安: 中国食品科学技术学会, 2020.doi:10.26914/c.cnkihy.2020.021900.
	Wang X, Wang Q L, Zheng X H, Lü X G. Screening,microencapsulation and characterization of myrosinase enzyme content in broccoli sprouts of different varieties[C]. Xi'an:Chinese Society for Food Science and Technology, 2020.
[31]	孙艳伟, 张泽生, 王田心, 李雨蒙, 秦程广. 十字花科植物中黑芥子酶的研究进展[J]. 食品研究与开发, 2017, 38(11):216-220.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1005-6521.2017.11.048.
	Sun Y W, Zhang Z S, Wang T X, Li Y M, Qin C G. The research progress of myrosinase in cruciferous plants[J]. Food Research and Development, 2017, 38(11):216-220.
[32]	王永祥, 张淑萍, 丁亚平, 刘嘉扬, 袁惠娟, 潘璐. 大别山区野生黎豆中微量元素的测定与品质评价[J]. 理化检验-化学分册, 2008, 44(1):63-65.doi:10.3321/j.issn:1001-4020.2008.01.024.
	Wang Y X, Zhang S P, Ding Y P, Liu J Y, Yuan H J, Pan L. Determination of trace-elements and quality evaluation of the wild Chinese velvet bean grown in the area of Dabie mountain[J]. Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B (Chemical Analysis), 2008, 44(1):63-65.
[33]	王祝余, 孙国跃. 氮钾肥料配施对青花菜产量和品质的影响[J]. 长江蔬菜, 2017(22):71-75.doi:10.3865/j.issn.1001-3547.2017.22.024.
	Wang Z Y, Sun G Y. Effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilizers combined application on yield and quality of broccoli[J]. Journal of Changjiang Vegetables, 2017(22):71-75.
[34]	Verbruggen N, Hermans C. Physiological and molecular responses to magnesium nutritional imbalance in plants[J]. Plant and Soil, 2013, 368(1):87-99.doi:10.1007/s11104-013-1589-0. URL
[35]	郭丽丽, 赵竹青, 石磊, 朱端卫, 耿明建. 硼对不同硼效率甘蓝型油菜嫁接植株下部叶片矿质养分含量的影响[J]. 中国油料作物学报, 2010, 32(1):89-93.
	Guo L L, Zhao Z Q, Shi L, Zhu D W, Geng M J. Effect of boron on nutrient content in the bottom leaves of two boron-efficiency rapeseed cultivars and their grafted plants[J]. Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences, 2010, 32(1):89-93.
[36]	孙丽, 李贞霞, 王广印, 刘香婷. 不同品种直筒型大白菜的营养品质分析[J]. 广东农业科学, 2013, 40(20):35-37.doi:10.16768/j.issn.1004-874X.2013.20.059.
	Sun L, Li Z X, Wang G Y, Liu X T. Analysis on nutrition quality of different varieties of straight cylinder Chinese cabbage[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 40(20):35-37.

处理 Treatments	株高/cm Plant height	单株质量/mg Plant weight	含水率/% Water content
CK	2.48±0.05a	28.54±2.59b	0.92±0.01a
T₁	2.33±0.06a	28.42±2.55b	0.91±0.01a
T₂	2.60±0.19a	29.67±2.70ab	0.91±0.01a
T₃	2.55±0.08a	31.46±0.38ab	0.92±0.00a
T₄	2.56±0.20a	32.88±1.44a	0.92±0.01a

处理 Treatments	株高/cm Plant height	单株质量/mg Plant weight	含水率/% Water content
CK	2.48±0.05a	28.54±2.59b	0.92±0.01a
T₁	2.33±0.06a	28.42±2.55b	0.91±0.01a
T₂	2.60±0.19a	29.67±2.70ab	0.91±0.01a
T₃	2.55±0.08a	31.46±0.38ab	0.92±0.00a
T₄	2.56±0.20a	32.88±1.44a	0.92±0.01a

处理 Treatments	叶绿素a含量/ (mg/g) Chla content	叶绿素b含量/ (mg/g) Chlb content	总叶绿素含量/ (mg/g) Chl(a+b)content	叶绿素a/b Chl(a/b)	类胡萝卜素含量/ (mg/g) Car content
CK	0.32±0.02ab	0.14±0.01a	0.47±0.02ab	2.27±0.04c	5.69±0.22ab
T₁	0.30±0.01b	0.13±0.01a	0.43±0.02bc	2.33±0.04c	5.27±0.24b
T₂	0.34±0.02a	0.13±0.01a	0.47±0.03ab	2.57±0.07b	5.86±0.37a
T₃	0.35±0.01a	0.13±0.01a	0.48±0.02a	2.62±0.16b	6.06±0.23a
T₄	0.30±0.02b	0.11±0.02b	0.41±0.04c	2.85±0.23a	5.35±0.38b

处理 Treatments	叶绿素a含量/ (mg/g) Chla content	叶绿素b含量/ (mg/g) Chlb content	总叶绿素含量/ (mg/g) Chl(a+b)content	叶绿素a/b Chl(a/b)	类胡萝卜素含量/ (mg/g) Car content
CK	0.32±0.02ab	0.14±0.01a	0.47±0.02ab	2.27±0.04c	5.69±0.22ab
T₁	0.30±0.01b	0.13±0.01a	0.43±0.02bc	2.33±0.04c	5.27±0.24b
T₂	0.34±0.02a	0.13±0.01a	0.47±0.03ab	2.57±0.07b	5.86±0.37a
T₃	0.35±0.01a	0.13±0.01a	0.48±0.02a	2.62±0.16b	6.06±0.23a
T₄	0.30±0.02b	0.11±0.02b	0.41±0.04c	2.85±0.23a	5.35±0.38b

处理 Treatments	2-丙烯基硫苷 SIN	3-丁烯基硫苷 NAP	2-羟基-3-丁烯基硫苷 PRO	4-甲硫基丁烯基硫苷 ERU	4-甲基亚磺酰基- 3-丁烯基硫苷 RAE	4-甲基硫氧丁基硫苷 RAA	5-甲基亚磺酰基戊基硫苷 ALY
CK	967.95±46.59ab	64.23±5.31c	577.90±0.01c	86.46±0.31d	0.03±0.04a	289.00±9.11e	6.75±0.60c
T₁	906.00±58.00b	79.74±1.88b	736.83±60.41b	102.59±5.96c	0.09±0.13a	353.62±9.88d	9.64±0.01b
T₂	780.71±8.56c	60.40±2.74c	667.50±18.83b	103.47±1.84c	0.07±0.10a	381.52±0.52c	8.48±0.86bc
T₃	1 014.68±31.76a	114.50±6.76a	847.43±19.00a	161.44±3.75a	0.09±0.13a	492.88±14.38a	14.63±1.27a
T₄	879.88±13.02b	82.84±3.67b	677.06±22.55b	116.48±1.40b	0.01±0.02a	410.95±11.31b	10.14±0.33b

选择文件类型/文献管理软件名称

选择包含的内容