摘要： 热应激（环境高温或热性疾病）致附植前胚胎发育阻滞/死亡是导致家畜（尤其是奶牛）夏季妊娠率低的主要因素，就热应激时附植前胚胎丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（Mitogen-activated protein kinases，MAPKs）信号通路的级联激活调节细胞增殖和分化，阻遏细胞凋亡，促进生长因子表达等研究和热应激时MAPKs信号通路对牛附植前胚胎的信号调控进行综述，重点阐述MAPKs通路对附植前胚胎的重要作用。通过对近年来国内外对附植前胚胎受热损伤和MAPKs信号通路的级联激活以及它们之间关联的研究进展的总结，并结合青岛农业大学产科实验室近年来对降低夏季由热应激引起的细胞凋亡的相关研究，来揭示附植前胚胎耐热应激损伤的MAPKs信号通路调控的研究进展。MAPKs信号通路在附植前胚胎的信号转导通路中占有重要位置。在热应激作用下，附植前胚胎经历氧化、凋亡和合成调节蛋白过程，胚胎能否存活，取决于其自身耐热能力及胚胎生存环境，并需要借助于信号通路的精细调控，不论是内因还是外因都可能通过MAPKs信号通路级联调控胚胎存亡。热应激时，MAPKs信号通路各成员在附植前胚胎中的生物学效应各不相同，并且相互联系，共同调控着附植前胚胎的分化、凋亡等过程，转导刺激信号，参与机体内的反应。热应激后胚胎细胞的生死取决于自身抗热能力（内因）和其在子宫/培养的生存环境（外因），并且内、外因素均与MAPKs信号转导通路有关。

关键词: 热应激, 附植前胚胎, 损伤, MAPKs信号通路

Abstract: Heat stress (environmental hyperthermia or heat disease) caused by pre-emergence embryo development block/death is the main cause of low pregnancy rate in livestock (especially cows). The cascade of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway regulates cell proliferation and differentiation,represses apoptosis,promotes growth factor expression,and studies MAPKs signaling pathways during heat stress. The signal regulation of preimplantation embryos was reviewed,and the important role of MAPKs pathway in preimplantation embryos was emphasized. A summary of recent advances in the study of the pre-implantation embryos' thermal damage and the cascade activation of MAPKs signaling pathways and their associations,combined with the recent efforts of the laboratory to reduce summer heat stress. A related study on apoptosis to reveal the research progress of MAPKs signaling pathway regulation in pre-embryo embryos with heat stress injury. The MAPKs signaling pathway plays an important role in the signal transduction pathway of preimplantation embryos. Under heat stress,pre-implantation embryos undergo oxidation,apoptosis and synthesis of regulatory proteins. Whether the embryo can survive depends on its own heat tolerance and embryonic environment,and requires careful regulation of signal pathways,regardless of whether it is internal or external,it is possible to regulate embryo survival through the cascade of MAPKs signaling pathway. During heat stress,the biological effects of MAPKs signaling pathways in pre-implantation embryos are different and related to each other,which regulates the differentiation and apoptosis of preimplantation embryos,transduces stimulation signals,and participates in the body. The life and death of embryonic cells after heat stress depends on their own heat tolerance (internal factors) and their survival environment in the uterus/culture (external causes),and both internal and external factors are related to MAPKs signal transduction pathway.

Key words: Heat sress, Preimplantation embryo, Damage, MAPKs signal path

中图分类号: 

• Q25