华北农学报 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (S1): 299-304. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.056

所属专题: 小麦 玉米 土壤肥料

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不同水肥组合对岗南水库周边冬小麦-夏玉米体系中氮素平衡及淋失的影响

郝桂琴1, 王凌2, 张国印2, 茹淑华2, 耿暖2, 孙世友2   

  1. 1. 河北省农林科学院, 河北 石家庄 050021;
    2. 河北省农林科学院 农业资源环境研究所, 河北 石家庄 050051
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-18 出版日期:2014-12-28
  • 通讯作者: 王 凌(1981-),女,河北石家庄人,副研究员,在读博士,主要从事农业环境方面的研究。
  • 作者简介:郝桂琴(1970-),女,河北藁城人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事农业环境方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划课题项目(2012BAD15B02);国土资源部地质调查项目(200040007-3-11);河北省自然科学基金项目(C2013301068);石家庄科学技术研究与发展计划项目(12149392A)

Effect of Different Water-Fertilizer Groups on Nitrogen Balance and Leaching in Wheat-Maize Cropping System Surrounding Gangnan Reservoir

HAO Gui-qin1, WANG Ling2, ZHANG Guo-yin2, RU Shu-hua2, GENG Nuan2, SUN Shi-you2   

  1. 1. Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050021, China;
    2. Institute of Agro- recourse and Environment, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
  • Received:2014-10-18 Published:2014-12-28

摘要: 针对岗南水库水体中度富营养化的现状,在保证作物稳产的同时,最大限度减少农田养分流失是降低农田面源污染、缓解水体富营养化的必由之路。以氮平衡原理研究氮素的盈余或亏缺,开展了不同水肥组合对岗南水库周边冬小麦-夏玉米种植体系中氮素淋失的影响研究。结果表明:在岗南水库周边旱地小麦-玉米轮作体系下,施氮量、施肥类型和灌水共同影响了硝态氮向深层的淋失,且施氮效应大于灌水效应。除不施氮的对照处理以外,其他水肥组合的土壤氮素均有盈余,淋失到140 cm以下的硝态氮量在35.23~212.53 kg/(hm2 · a)。推荐环境友好水肥组合为缓控释肥的精确施用处理NW2,比农民习惯施肥量的处理N2W2氮素淋失量减少141.19 kg/(hm2 · a),减少了80%。通过合理施肥与灌溉能有效降低岗南水库周边旱地小麦-玉米农区氮素淋失,提高肥料利用率,减少硝酸盐对地下水的威胁,对于保护石家庄珍贵的水资源具有十分重要的意义。

关键词: 岗南水库, 冬小麦-夏玉米, 氮素平衡, 氮淋失

Abstract: According to the serious eutrophication status of Gangnan reservoir,reducing the N leaching in maximum when meeting the need of crop growth is the only way for minimizing the non-point pollution in cropland.In this study,balance theory of nitrogen was used to research the effect of water-fertilizer coupling on surplus or loss of nitrogen.The results showed that fertilization and irrigation both effected NO3-N leaching to deep soil layer,and fertilization was the prominent factor.N in 0-140 cm soil layer of water-fertilizer combination was surplus except CK.Leaching NO3-N under 140 cm was between 35.23-212.53 kg/(ha · a) with different water and fertilizer.The most environmental friendly combination was NconW2,and it reduced the nitrogen leaching 141.19 kg/(ha · a) than N2W2,the rate was 80%.The reasonable fertilizer and irrigation can effectively decrease the nitrogen leaching,improve the fertilizer utilization efficiency,and reduce the menace from nitrate to groundwater in Wheat-maize cropping fields surrounding Gangnan reservoir.

Key words: Gangnan reservoir, Wheat-maize, Nitrogen balance, Nitrogen leaching

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引用本文

郝桂琴, 王凌, 张国印, 茹淑华, 耿暖, 孙世友. 不同水肥组合对岗南水库周边冬小麦-夏玉米体系中氮素平衡及淋失的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2014, 29(S1): 299-304. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.056.

HAO Gui-qin, WANG Ling, ZHANG Guo-yin, RU Shu-hua, GENG Nuan, SUN Shi-you. Effect of Different Water-Fertilizer Groups on Nitrogen Balance and Leaching in Wheat-Maize Cropping System Surrounding Gangnan Reservoir[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2014, 29(S1): 299-304. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2014.S1.056.

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