摘要： 为了解农田栽参和林下参土壤中起主要作用的养分和关键土壤酶以及二者关系,准确评价两种生产模式下人参土壤肥力状况,对不同年生农田栽参和林下参的土壤养分和土壤酶进行典型相关分析。结果表明:两种主要生产模式下起主要作用的综合养分指标和综合酶活性指标不同,并确定两种土壤中微量元素和酶活性之间的作用机制。农田栽参土壤第一典型相关变量中以有机质、全N、全P、速效P和有效K含量,微量元素Zn与磷酸酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著相关,二者累计贡献率达74.2%,其中磷酸酶影响土壤中P的形态,蔗糖酶影响有机质转化及速效NPK的有效性,过氧化氢酶能够加速土壤有机质分解转化,土壤中Zn的含量对上述酶活性有一定的促进作用;土壤中Cu影响过氧化氢酶活性;在林下参土壤第一典型相关变量中有机质、全P、速效K及Fe含量与磷酸酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性高低关系最大,累计贡献率达58.0%,Fe对4种酶活性呈抑制作用,与农田栽参不同的是,林下参中微量元素Mn和Cu的含量对蔗糖酶活性起促进作用;沿着根系向下生长方向,土壤养分和酶活性逐渐降低,垂直分层明显;将土壤酶作为人参土壤肥力评价指标,结合土壤养分指标可以准确评价人参土壤肥力并指导农田栽参土壤改良。

关键词: 农田栽参, 林下参, 土壤养分, 土壤酶活性, 典型相关分析

Abstract: "The relation between soil nutrient contents and soil enzyme activities of different years ginseng soil in Leshan cultivated farmland and ginseng soil under the forest in the Yanjiang country was studied by canonical correlations analysis to investigated its key soil enzyme activity,nutrients and the either relationship for ginseng soil fertility.The results showed that:it was disparate that the importance of major nutrients and enzyme was in ginseng soil fertility and the mechanism between trace element and enzyme between the two kinds soil,and in the cultivated farmland the contents of organic matter and total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and available kalium,Zn had great relation with phosphatase activity,invertase activity and catalase activity,and the Cumulative was 74.2%,while phosphatase activity influenced the phosphorus forms,invertase activity played an important between the transformation of organic matter and the contents and forms of nitrogen,phosphorus and kalium;Catalase activity accelerated decomposition transformation of organic matter.Only Zn content affected enzyme activity,promoting the activity of phosphatase,invertase,catalase at some extent,the nutrient Cu had an effect on the catalase activity.The first canonical correlation index in the ginseng soil under forest,the contents of organic matter,total phosphorus,available kalium and Fe content had great relation with soil phosphatase activity,invertase activity,urease activity and catalase activity,and the Cumulative was 58.0%,however,Fe content had an inhibiting effect with four kinds soil enzyme at some extent,the content of Mn and Cu had an activated effect on the invertase activity.With the ginseng growth years added,integral soil nutrient factor and integral soil enzyme decreased along ginseng root system growing direction."Integral soil enzyme factor" can be used as a biological index of soil fertility,which together with soil nutrients must be considered when the soil of cultivate ginseng soil fertiliaty was evaluated or improved. "

Key words: Cultivate ginseng soil in farm land, Wild ginseng soil under forest, Soil nutrient, Soil enzyme act iv-ity, Canonica l correlation anlysis

中图分类号: 

• S567.51