摘要： 选用低酚陆地棉无菌苗下胚轴为材料进行全固体组织培养, 直接诱导获得了胚性愈伤组织, 并进一步分化为再生植株。结果表明, 激素是影响棉花直接体细胞胚胎发生的重要因素。MSB培养基中添加2, 4-D有利于愈伤组织的形成, 却不能直接诱导获得胚性愈伤组织。MSB培养基中添加IBA和BA也不能直接诱导获得胚性愈伤组织。MSB培养基附加适当浓度的IBA和KT能直接诱导出胚性愈伤组织。最适激素组合(1.0 mg/L IBA, 0.5 mg/L KT)能使诱导棉花下胚轴产生大量胚性愈伤组织, 并且在3个月内就可肉眼观察到不同发育时期的胚。MSB培养基中附加1.0 g/L谷氨酰胺和0.5 g/L天门冬酰胺有利于胚萌发成苗。本研究建立了简便高效的棉花直接体细胞胚胎发生和植株再生培养体系, 从胚性愈伤组织诱导到植株再生约需5～6个月时间。

关键词: 棉花, 低酚, 体细胞胚胎发生, 植株再生

Abstract: Embryogenic callus and regenerated plants were obtained from hypocotyl explants of glandless upland cotton seedling. The results indicated that hormone was an important factor that effected cotton direct somatic embryogenesis. 2, 4-D was advantageous to the induction of cotton callus, but embryogenic callus could not be directly obtained on the MSB sold medium with 2, 4-D. Embryogenic callus were not directly obtained on the MSB sold medium with the combination of IBA and BA. Embryogenic callus could be directly obtained on the MSB sold medium with the combination of IBA and KT. The MSB sold medium with the concentration of 1.0 mg/L IBA and 0. 5 mg/L KT could induce a number of embryogenic callus from hypocotyl explants. Somatic embryos could be observed within three months. The MSB sold medium with the concentration of 1.0 g/L Gin and 0.5 g/L Ash could promote the germination and maturation of the somatic embryos. In this procedure, a number of regenerated plants could be obtained in six months. In the present study, a simple and efficient system was developed to induce a number of embryogenic callus and regenerated plants from hypocotyl explants.

Key words: Cotton, Glandless, Somatic embryogenesis, Plant regeneration

中图分类号: 

• S562.03