摘要： 通过模拟人工湿地的方法测试了7种高等水生植物对农村生活污水的净化能力,旨在筛选合适的湿地植物。结果表明:有植物处理系统对COD、总氮和总磷的去除效果明显高于无植物对照,植物本身的氮磷累积作用对氮的去除贡献为7%~63%,磷的去除贡献为12%~65%。多数测试植物对氮磷的富集量茎叶高于根系。不同植物的净化能力也有较大差异,从强到弱的顺序依次为芦竹>荻>菖蒲>芦苇>水生鸢尾>千屈菜>野慈姑。聚类分析结果显示这7种植物明显分为3类,其中,芦竹单独为一类,此类植物净化能力强;菖蒲、芦苇和荻为一类,此类植物净化能力较强;水生鸢尾、千屈菜和野慈姑为一类,此类植物净化能力较弱。

关键词: 水生植物, 氮磷累积量, 净化能力

Abstract: The ability of 7 high aquatic plants was compared in constructed wetland simulated for rural domestic sewage treatment.The treatment system with hydrophytes had a higher removal efficiency to COD,total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP) than that without hydrophytes.The removal contribution rate of plant accumulation to nitrogen and phosporus was 7%-63%,12%-65%,respectively.Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in stems and leaves were higher than that in roots of most tested hydrophytes.The comprehensive evaluation result indicated that,according to plant purification ability to the contamination,the order was Arundo donaxTriarrhena saccharifloraAcorus calamusPhragmites communisIris pseudacorusLythrum salicariaSagittaria trifolia.The cluster result showed that these 7 hydrophytes were sorted into three groups,the first group including A.donax,which possessed the strongest accumulated ability to the contamination;The second group including A.calamus,Triarrhena sacchariflora,P.communis,which possessed stronger accumulated ability;The third group including I.pseudacorus,L.salicaria and S.trifolia,whose uptake ability to water pollution was lowest of the three groups.

Key words: Hydrophyte, Removal of nitrogen and phosphorus, Dequrative ability

中图分类号: 

• S94