摘要： 将木屑、砻糠、草屑、泥炭、风化煤和鸡粪6种不同物料置于不同温度下浸水后取其滤液，分析其铵态氮、硝态氮、速效磷以及可溶性的5种金属元素(钾、钙、镁、钠、铁)的含量，为调整营养液配方提供依据。几种物料浸液中的矿质元素在108 h以后基本趋于稳定。高温利于氮素释放，使有效氮含量峰值出现提早；在氮素形态上，木屑等5种物料主要以铵态氮的形式释放，而泥炭则主要以硝态氮的形式释放。浸液中有效磷含量的相对稳定值有所不同，在不同物料上表现为：鸡粪>木屑>砻糠>草屑>泥炭>风化煤；浸液中不同温度、不同时间下的有效金属元素含量基本保持稳定，只有K+含量随温度的升高变化较为明显。根据研究结果，在忽略复合后基质间影响的情况下，建议复合基质浸水7d后待浸液中各矿质养分含量稳定，初步按下列公式调整营养液，C调=C理-C浸液使基质内各成分含量稳定在理想状态，以后营养液管理仍按原配方添加营养液。
关键词:
固形物料,
化学成分,
过饱和持水
Abstract: The six materials characteristics were studied, such as sawdust, charred rice husk, cradled turfgrass, peatmoss, weathered coal and chicken manure when they had saturable water in various temperatures and hours. The chemic components, such as NH+4-N, NO-3-N, available P and five available metal (K, Ca, Mg, Na+, Fe)were mensurated when their saturable water capacity was 120%. The results showed that content of mineral elements in several infusing solutions of organic medium were steady after 108 h. Nitrogen released more easily in high temperature. Peak value of the effective nitrogen content appeared more ahead. the primary forms of nitrogen in extracted solution of peatmoss was NO-3-N, the others′ extracted solution is NH+4-N. Relatively stable value of the effective phosphorus content in extracted solution were different. The result was chicken manure sawdust charred rice husk cradled turfgrass peatmoss weathered coal. The available metal content in several infusing solutions of organic medium was stable, but available potassuim of content was raise when the temperature was raise. The results showed that multiple mediums should be pre-dispose in the water for a week before used to plant, when all mineral element of organic materials are steady, and losing sight of the effect among organic mediums. Add nutrient solution amended by this formula, C1=C2-C3 to mediums to make all content of components in approximate ideal situation. From then on, add nutrient solution according to standard nutrient solution scheme. (C1 means content of rectified nutrient solution; C2 means content of ideal nutrient solution; C3 means content of extracted water of organic materials.).
Key words:
Solid materials,
Chemical components,
Excessive saturable water
中图分类号:
孙敏, 奥岩松, 陈泊清, 李文, 孙秀云. 过饱和持水时间和温度对固形基质浸液成分的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2007, 22(1): 167-171. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2007.01.040.
SUN Min, AO Yan-song, CHEN Po-qing, LI Wen, SUN Xiu-yun. The Effect of Various Time and Temperature for content in excessive saturable water of several materiels[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2007, 22(1): 167-171. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-7091.2007.01.040.