摘要： 为了明确小麦查尔酮合成酶（CHS）基因TaCHS的表达规律以及挖掘TaCHS的等位变异，克隆了小麦TaCHS基因，并对其序列特征、表达特性及其在不同品种之间的多态性进行了分析。生物信息学分析表明，TaCHS基因属于多基因家族，编码的蛋白质分子质量为43.15 ku，理论等电点为6.43，属于疏水稳定蛋白，定位于细胞质中。进化分析表明，小麦TaCHS蛋白与二穗短柄草亲缘关系最为密切。TaCHS基因在根、茎、叶、籽粒中均有表达，其中在茎中表达量最高；在灌浆期，籽粒中TaCHS的表达量呈现出先升高后下降再升高的变化趋势，且在花后14 d的表达量达到第一个峰值。通过对119份小麦品种的TaCHS序列分析，发现其在不同小麦品种间的保守性较强，共发现4种变异类型，TaCHS-A1a、TaCHS-A1b、TaCHS-A1c、TaCHS-A1d分别占85.72%，7.56%，3.36%，3.36%。综上，TaCHS-A1a类型为主要的变异类型，而不同小麦品种TaCHS基因在籽粒中的表达可能与类黄酮类物质积累有关。

关键词: 小麦, TaCHS基因, 生物信息学分析, 表达分析, 等位变异分析

Abstract: To clarify the expression pattern of wheat chalcone synthase (CHS) gene TaCHS and explore the allele variation of TaCHS, cloned TaCHS gene in wheat and analyzed its sequence characteristics, expression characteristics and polymorphism among different varieties. Bioinformatics analysis showed that the TaCHS gene belonged to the polygenic family, with molecular weight of 43.15 ku and theoretical isoelectric point of 6.43. It was a hydrophobic stable protein located in the cytoplasm.The evolutionary analysis showed that the TaCHS protein in wheat was closest to the CHS protein in Brachypodium distachyon.The transcript expression of TaCHS was detected in roots, stems, leaves and grains, with the highest expression level in stems.During grain filling period, the expression profile of TaCHS in grains showed a tendency of increasing first, then decreasing and then increasing, and reached its first peak at the 14 days after flowering. Analysis of the TaCHS sequences of 119 wheat varieties showed that the sequence of TaCHS was highly conserved among different wheat varieties. Four variation types were found among these tested wheat varieties, with TaCHS-A1a, TaCHS-A1b, TaCHS-A1c and TaCHS-A1d accounting for 85.72%, 7.56%, 3.36% and 3.36%, respectively.The results above suggested that TaCHS-A1a type was the main variant type, and the expression level of TaCHS in wheat grain might be related to the accumulation of flavonoids.

Key words: Wheat, TaCHS gene, Bioinformatics analysis, Expression analysis, Allelic variation analysis

中图分类号: 

• Q78

• S512.03