摘要： 为了明确东莨菪碱、山莨菪碱、莨菪碱和樟柳碱4种生物碱对南方根结线虫卵囊、卵孵化及其2龄幼虫存活的影响.在室内条件下,采用浸渍法测试了这4种生物碱在不同浓度和时间处理的作用效果.结果表明,4种生物碱均对线虫卵囊、卵孵化有抑制作用,对2龄幼虫有致死作用.随着生物碱浓度的增加和处理时间的延长,线虫卵囊、卵孵化的抑制率以及2龄幼虫的死亡率显著提高.0.6 mg/mL 山莨菪碱对线虫卵囊孵化的抑制效果最好,48 h后达到95%.0.6 mg/mL 东莨菪碱对线虫卵孵化有很强的抑制作用,处理36,48 h分别达82.43%,98.5%.4种生物碱在1.0 mg/mL对2龄幼虫有致死效果,校正死亡率均达到100%,各生物碱在不同浓度和处理时间内的半致死中浓度LC₅₀不同,东莨菪碱的LC₅₀最小,达到0.480 7 mg/mL,表明东莨菪碱对南方根结线虫2龄幼虫有较强的致死活性,同时南方根结线虫2龄幼虫对东莨菪碱的敏感性较高.

关键词: 南方根结线虫, 莨菪, 生物碱, 孵化, 存活

Abstract: In order to determine the effects of Scopolamine,Anisodamine,Hyoscyamine and Anisodine on egg masses,eggs hatching and 2nd instar larvae survival of Meloidogy incognita,these alkaloids with different concentrations and times were tested in the laboratory by dipping method.The results showed that alkaloids had strong inhibition abilities to eggs,egg masses hatching and the mortality to J₂.The hatching ratio and J₂ mortality were significantly enhanced with the increase of treating concentrations and times.0.6 mg/mL Anisodamine demonstrated the highest inhibition effect on egg masses hatching with the inhibition ratio was 95% after 48 h.0.6 mg/mL Scopolamine showed the highest inhibition effect on egg hatching with the inhibition ratio was 82.43% after 36 h and 98.5% after 48 h,respectively.The adjusted mortality of four kinds of alkaloids to J₂ with 1.0 mg/mL concentration reached 100%.Alkaloids with different concentrations and times had mortality effects to J₂ and had different LC₅₀.Scopolamine showed the smallest LC₅₀,which reached 0.480 7 mg/mL.These results demonstrated that Scopolamine had the strongest mortality effect to J₂ of M.incognita.And J₂ of M.incognita had the highest sensitivity to Scopolamine.

Key words: Meloidogyne incognita, Hyoscyamus, Alkaloids, Hatch, Survival

中图分类号: 

• S432.4+5