摘要： 为了探讨苏北沿海滩涂不同栽培模式对马齿苋鲜菜产量的影响,寻求马齿苋获得高产的最佳栽培模式,以苏马齿苋2号为试验品种,研究了不同盐分含量土壤上播种量、播种密度及氮肥底追比对马齿苋鲜菜产量的影响.结果表明,相对于0.5~1.0 g/kg(A1)土壤盐分,1.5~3.5 g/kg(A2)的土壤盐分对马齿苋生长发育有一定促进作用,鲜菜产量增加14.4%,但随着土壤盐分含量的增加,在4.5~7.0 g/kg 时,鲜菜产量显著下降.经过对土壤盐分、播种量、播种密度以及氮肥底追比的交互作用分析,试验处理A2B1C2D2、A2B2C2D2下的马齿苋鲜菜产量最高,即土壤盐分为1.5~3.5 g/kg,播种密度为75 cm,底追比为3 : 4 : 3,播种量为3,6 kg/hm²的处理组合最有利于马齿苋鲜菜产量的积累.各栽培措施均能影响马齿苋鲜菜产量,经方差分析,土壤盐分含量、播种量、播种密度以及氮肥底追比交互作用均呈显著关系,从处理间区别看,影响马齿苋鲜菜产量的主要因素是土壤盐分,氮底追肥比次之,播种量及播种密度再次之.

关键词: 盐土, 马齿苋, 鲜菜产量

Abstract: In order to explore the effect of different cultivation measures on the fresh weight of Portulaca oleracea L.and to find the optimum cultivation model for high yield of Portulaca oleracea L.,a field experiment with varieties Sumachixian No.2 was carried out.The results were as follows:Compared to the A1(the salt concentration of soil was 0.5-1.0 g/kg),there was significant increase of fresh weight in A2(the salt concentration of soil was 1.5-3.5 g/kg),and the production increased by 14.4%.The fresh weigh decreased significantly with the increase of salt concentration of soil(the salt concentration of soil was 4.5-7.0 g/kg).Analysis of the interactions of soil salinity,seeding rate,planting density and nitrogen ratio of base and topdressing interaction showed that treatments A2B1C2D2 and A2B2C2D2 were the optimal combinations.The variance analysis showed that the effects of soil salinity,seeding rate,planting density and nitrogen ratio of base and topdressing interaction were significant.Through the analysis of alternant effects,the factors for the fresh weight production was salt concentration of soil,then followed by nitrogen ratio of base and topdressing interaction,then seeding rate and planting density.

Key words: Saline soil, Portulaca oleracea L., Fresh weight

中图分类号: 

• S636·

• 4