摘要： 研究了土壤温湿度及处理时间对茄黄萎菌微菌核存活的影响。结果表明:随着温度升高及处理时间的延长,微菌核萌发率均呈下降趋势。土壤含水量为20%和30%的条件下,40℃处理7 d微菌核均不萌发;35℃条件下处理14 d其萌发率仅为7.53%(20%土壤含水量)和8.60%(30%土壤含水量);30℃条件下处理28 d其萌发率降为23.66%;在变温条件下(每天35℃处理14 h,40℃处理10 h),30%土壤含水量条件下处理7 d其萌发率降为4.30%,均能明显降低土壤中微菌核的数量。自然风干土条件下,40℃处理14 d其萌发率降至35.48%;35℃处理14 d时,其萌发率降至43.01%。高温结合土壤湿度处理能显著降低微菌核萌发率,能有效防治茄黄萎病的发生。
关键词:
茄黄萎病菌,
微菌核,
萌发率,
土壤环境条件
Abstract: The effect of soil temperature moisture and the time on survival of the Eggplant Verticillium dahliae micro-sclerotia was studied.Results showed that micro-sclerotia germination rate appeared a decline trend with the temperatureincreases and the time extension.Under the conditions of soil moisture of 20% and 30%,micro-sclerotia germination rate was 0 when dealing with 7 d under 40℃;The germination rate was only 7.53% and 8.60% respectively under the condition of 35℃ treating for 14 d when soil moisture was 20% and 30%.The germination rate dropped to 23.66% under the conditions of 30℃ handling 28 d.The germination rate dropped to 4.30% under the conditions of 30% soil moisture dealing with 7 d,which can significantly reduce the number of micro-sclerotia in soil.Under the conditions of natural air-dried soil,the germination rate dropped to 35.48% and 43.01% respectively under the conditions of 40℃ and 35℃ handling 14 d.High temperature combined soil moisture treatments can significantly reduce the germination rate of micro-sclerotia and effectively prevent the occurrence of eggplant verticillium wilt.
Key words:
Eggplant ,
Verticillium dahliae,
Micro-sclerotia,
Germination,
Soil environmental conditions
中图分类号:
郭敬华, 鹿秀云, 石琳琪, 董灵迪, 焦永刚, 马平. 不同环境条件对茄黄萎菌微菌核存活的影响[J]. 华北农学报, 2011, 26(S2): 193-196. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.S2.041.
GUO Jing-hua, LU Xiu-yun, SHI Lin-qi, DONG Ling-di, JIAO Yong-gang, MA Ping. The Impact on Survival of Eggplant Verticillium dahliae Micro-sclerotia under Different Environmental Conditions[J]. ACTA AGRICULTURAE BOREALI-SINICA, 2011, 26(S2): 193-196. doi: 10.7668/hbnxb.2011.S2.041.