摘要： 颗粒淀粉合成酶(GBSS)、淀粉分支酶1(SBE1)和淀粉分支酶3(SBE3)是淀粉合成过程中的3个关键酶,这3个酶主要由Wx、Sbel、She3 3个基因控制.设计这3个基因位点的分子标记检测了183个水稻品种的基因型,分析了3个基因对稻米理化品质和RVA谱特征的效应.结果表明:3个分子标记均能很好的区分3个位点上等位基因的籼梗来源,根据3个位点的基因型可将183个品种分为8种类型;单个基因遗传效应分析表明,不同基因型品种间淀粉的理化特性(AC、GC、RVA)存在显著或极显著差异,3个基因的联合效应在不同基因型组合间也存在显著的差异.Wx基因对大多数品质性状效应显著,She3效应次之,Sbel效应较小;Sbel和Sbe3基因在不同的Wx等位基因背景下,对稻米的品质的理化特征的效应不同.3基因间存在互作效应,Wx与Sbe3的互作效应较大.

关键词: 淀粉合成相关基因, 直链淀粉含量, 胶稠度, RVA谱特征

Abstract: Granule-bound starch synthase (GBSS),Starch branching enzyme 1 (SBE1) and Starch branching enzyme 3(SBE3) are three major enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in rice endosperm. The granule-bound starch synthase was encoded by the Wx gene,and the starch branching enzymes were encoded by the Sbe1 and Sbe3 gene.And molecular markers for Sbe1,Sbe3 developed based on sequence diversities between the rice subspecies indica and japonica,together with PCR2AccⅠmarker for Wx gene were used to investigate the genotypes of 183 rice cultivars.The result showed that the developed molecular markers for Wx,Sbe1,Sbe3 could distinguish indica or japonica alleles at three loci.Among all the 183 rice cultivars,eight genotype combinations were observed at Sbe1,Sbe3 and Wx loci. In order to explore the genetic effects of three genes,ANOVA and multiple comparison analysis were conducted. The results showed that rice cultivars with different genotypes exhibited different phenotypes,including amylose content,gel consistency and some of RVA characteristics,and the significant differences were observed. And the genetic effects of indica and japonica alleles at three gene loci were different,Wx gene had significant effects on mainly rice quality traits,followed by Sbe3 and Sbe1. The genetic effects of Sbe1 and Sbe3 in different backgrounds (Wxa, Wxb)were different. Interactions existed among Wx, Sbe1, Sbe3,Interaction was generally detected between Wx and Sbe3.

Key words: Starch-synthesizing genes, Amylose content, Gel consistency, Starch RVA characteristi

中图分类号: 

• S11.03