摘要： 利用1988年以来的遥感资料和近50年的气象、社会调查数据, 分析了呼伦贝尔草原退化的事实和气候因素对草原退化的影响。结果表明：呼伦贝尔草原植被指数呈下降趋势。尤其是呼伦贝尔沙地植被指数下降幅度明显, 中部地区下降0.2, 西部地区下降0.2～0.4；呼伦贝尔草原每年的退化速度达到1.35%, 草原退化由人口密集区向外扩展, 优良牧草在草群中比重下降。气候分析表明, 呼伦贝尔草原气温升高、降水量减少, 干旱频发, 是导致呼伦贝尔草原退化面积迅速增加的主要原因。

关键词: 草原退化, 遥感监测, 气候成因

Abstract: The fact of grassland degradation in Hulun Buir and the impact of climate for grassland degeneration have studied, based on the meteorological, social investigation data by recently 50 years and remote sensing data during the past 1988. The result shows that: the vegetation index (VI) of Hulun Buir Grassland has a decreasing trend. Particularly, the VI of sandy grassland decreased significantly, in the central and west region, the VI have declined 0.2 and 0.2～0.4 respectively; The annual rate of Grassland degradation in Hulun Buir is 1.35%;The grasslands degeneration faces the outside expand from densely populated area, and the proportion of good herbage comes down in grass group. Climate analysis shows that, increase temperature, reducing rainfall and drought frequency resulted in a rapid increase in size of Grassland degradation are the main reasons.

Key words: Grassland Degradation, Remote sensing monitoring, Climatic causes

中图分类号: 

• S812

• 5162.3

• S127

• TP79

• S812.6