摘要： 西瓜幼苗在早春提早定植，常会受到低温的不良影响，研究低温对西瓜幼苗生长发育的影响就显得十分必要。试验对西瓜幼苗在生长箱中进行了低温处理，处理温度为0℃、10℃、15℃，光照强度设定为100μmol·m^-2·s^-1和200μmol·m^-2·s^-1.结果表明：不同西瓜品种表现出明显的耐寒性差异，其中野生西瓜种质PI482322、PI482261、PI482299、PI482308、PI494528、PI494532,表现出较强的耐寒性，供试的栽培品种均表现不耐寒，在低温条件下，真叶呈病毒侵染花叶状，皱缩或黄化，萎焉，光照强度的提高会明显加重冷害症状。鉴定西瓜幼苗耐冷性的最适条件为10℃，光强100μmol·m^-2·s^-1或15℃，光强200μmol·m^-2·s^-1.

关键词: 西瓜幼苗, 低温, 鉴定

Abstract: In Beijing watermelon seedlings are often affected by low temperature in early spring.It is imperative to study the effects of low temperature on watermelon seedlings.Cold tests at the 3 leaf seedling stage were conducted in growth chambers maintained at 0℃,10℃,or 15℃ temperature with 100μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1 or 200μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1 light intensity.The results showed that there were significant difference on cold tolerance among the different watermelon cultivars.The wild watermelon germplasms PI482322,PI482261,PI282299,PI482308,PI494528,PI494532 appeared to be cold resistant.The cultivated cultivars were commonly cold sensitive.The leaves of the cold sensitive cultivars growing at low temperature displayed mosaic like variegation,shrinking,yellowing or wilting.The chilling symptoms were significantly activated by the higher light intensity.The optimum selecting condition for cold tolerance on watermelon seedlings was 10℃ temperature and 100 μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1 light intensity or 15℃ temperature and 200 μmol·m^-2 ·s^-1 light intensity.

Key words: Watermelon seedling, Low temperature, Determination

中图分类号: 

• S561.04