摘要： 对北京地区苹果斑点落叶病研究得出,病原菌Alternaria mali Roberts强毒菌系是苹果斑点落叶病严重发生的主要原因.各果园病原菌强毒菌系发生率和致病性有差异.室内毒力测定和田间药剂防治试验结果表明,50%扑海因、70%代森锰锌、1.5%多抗霉素和10%宝丽安均有很好的抑菌效果.多抗霉素和宝丽安加入1%硼酸可以显著提高药效,并且硼酸本身对菌落生长有一定抑制作用.提出“重点保护春梢叶片,兼顾秋梢叶片”的防病原则.

关键词: 苹果斑点落叶病, 强毒菌系, 毒力测定

Abstract: Studies on the severe strain of Alternaria leaf spot in apple indicated that the main reason for serious occurrence of this disease is the extensive existence of severe strain of Alternaria mall Roberts. The occurrence and pathogenicity of the severe strain are different in each orchard. Toxicity tests in laboratoy showed that 50% rovral, 70% mancozeb, 10% polyoxin-Al and 1.5% Duokangmeisu gave the best effects on fungistasis. The tests also showed that their fungistasis was increased when 1 % boric acid was added into 1.5% Duokangmeisu and 10% bolyoxin-Al and in fact, boric acid itself could inhibit the pathogen. Herein proposed the principle of field control "stress the protection to spring shoots and leaves and care for autumn shoots and leaves".

Key words: Alternaria leaf spot in apple, Severe strain, Toxicity test