摘要： 为了探明菠萝茎叶还田在土壤中的腐解及养分释放效应，采用网袋法模拟秸秆还田，研究覆土、覆土覆膜和仅覆膜方式下菠萝茎叶碳、氮、磷、钾养分的释放特征。结果表明：不同还田方式下，菠萝茎叶在0~30 d腐解速率较快，还田30 d后，覆土、覆土覆膜和仅覆膜处理下菠萝茎叶质量累积腐解率分别为38.0%，53.5%，59.4%，覆土覆膜处理下各养分释放率占总养分释放率的60%以上；还田180 d后，各处理下菠萝茎叶腐解率分别占总腐解率的96.0%，97.5%，95.5%，基本腐解完全；还田240 d后，菠萝茎叶碳、氮、磷、钾养分的累积释放率分别为81.2%~85.7%，70.8%~78.6%，74.7%~78.3%，92.4%~92.8%，表现为K > C > P≈N，且覆土条件下养分释放率最大。考虑菠萝茎叶不同还田方式下的腐解及养分的释放情况，若采用短期还田，建议使用覆土覆膜方式，若长期还田建议使用仅覆土的还田方式。

关键词: 菠萝茎叶, 还田方式, 腐解特征, 养分释放特征

Abstract: Net bags which simulated straw returning to field were employed to explore the pineapple stem leaves decomposing and nutrient releasing of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium under different ways returned to field. The results showed that pineapple stem leaves had fast decomposing speed during 0 to 30 days under different ways returned to field. Under cover with soil, cover with soil and plastic film and cover with plastic film only, the accumulated decay rate was 38.0%, 53.5%, 59.4% respectively and nutrient release was above 60% at the 30th day; after 180th returning, the decomposition rate was 96.0%, 97.5%, 95.5% respectively of the total decay and basic decomposition completely; the accumulated releasing rate of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium was 81.2%-85.7%, 70.8%-78.6%, 74.7%-78.3%, 92.4%-92.8%, ranked as potassium > carbon > phosphorus≈nitrogen at the 240^th day and nutrient release was relatively high under casing soil. And it is suggested that using the way of casing soil and plastic film only in a short term and the way of casing soil in a long term when pineapple stem leaves to field were returned consideration of decomposition and nutrients releasing.

Key words: Pineapple stem-leaf, The way returned to field, Characteristics of decomposing, Characteristics of nutrients releasing

中图分类号: 

• S141