摘要： 通过人工气候箱处理、半薄切片观察、田间育性调查以及SSR分子标记技术，研究了甘蓝型油菜温敏雄性不育材料Huiyou50S的温度响应规律、细胞学败育特征、遗传模式及不育基因遗传定位。结果表明：Huiyou50S属于反型温敏不育系，低温不育、高温可育，育性转换临界温度接近昼24 ℃/夜14 ℃；Huiyou50S的花药败育发生在单核期，小孢子细胞内容物收缩、解体，最终只剩空壳，绒毡层细胞在单核后期提前降解消失；Huiyou50S×中双11正反交F₂、BC₁的育性分离比符合1对隐性基因控制的遗传模式；采用分离群体分组分析法(BSA法)筛选到与不育基因连锁的SSR分子标记3个，并将不育基因初步定位在A10连锁群上。这些结果表明，Huiyou50S是一种反温敏型隐性细胞核不育系，可作为一种良好的研究温度诱导生理效应的生物模型，而且可以和Polima细胞质雄性不育、化学杀雄结合构建育性稳定的双重雄性不育。

关键词: 甘蓝型油菜, 温敏雄性不育, 育性转换, 细胞学, 遗传模式, 分子标记

Abstract: At this study, a thermo-sensitive male sterile line in Brassica napus, named Huiyou50S, was used for research material:experimented with artificial climate chamber test, cytological observation, field fertility survey, and screening of SSR molecular markers.The results showed:Huiyou50S was a reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line, it was male sterile under the condition of low temperature, but fertile under the high temperature condition, the stagnation temperature closed to 24 ℃(day)/14 ℃(night).The male sterility occoured at the uni-nucleate stage of microspores.Cytoplasm of the microspores was disintegrated and become an empty cell at later time.Meanwhile, the tapetum disappeared rapidly at later period of uni-nucleate stage.The male sterility of Huiyou50S was controlled by single-locus recessive gene.By means of Bulked Segregation Analysis(BSA), we have found 3 SSR molecular markers linked with the male sterility gene of Huiyou50S, which were all located on A10 linkage group of B.napus genome.These results indicated that Huiyou50S is a novel type of reverse thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line.It can be used as a biological model for study physiological effect of temperature.Furthermore, it can combine with chemical gametocide or Polima cytoplasm male sterility to construct steady male sterility system.

Key words: Brassica napus, Thermo-sensitive male sterile, Fertility transition, Cytology, Inheritance model, Molecular marker

中图分类号: 

• S653.03