摘要： 为明确我国谷子产区谷瘟病菌交配型基因及其分布情况对谷瘟病菌群体结构分析的重要意义。根据已知稻瘟病菌交配型基因MAT1-1-1（GenBank登录号AB080672.2）和MAT1-2-1（GenBank登录号AB080673.2）的部分序列设计3对特异性引物，利用PCR技术对186株谷瘟病菌交配型基因进行扩增检测，比对分析谷瘟病菌和稻瘟病菌的交配型基因MAT1-1-1的alpha盒子部分氨基酸序列和MAT1-2-1高迁移率蛋白盒子氨基酸序列。结果显示，引物JPX1-1-S3/JPX1-1-A3对谷瘟病菌交配型基因MAT1-1-1的扩增效果较好，而JPX1-2-S1/JPX1-2-A1对谷瘟病菌交配型基因MAT1-2-1的扩增效果较好。序列比对发现谷瘟病菌与稻瘟病菌交配型基因极为相似，但并不完全相同。对2010-2016年采自河北、山东、山西、陕西、吉林、黑龙江、辽宁、内蒙古、新疆和海南等采集地点的共186株谷瘟病菌单胞菌株的交配型基因进行检测，发现夏谷区交配型为MAT1-1的谷瘟病菌占69.15%，而交配型为MAT1-2的菌株仅占26.60%，其余4.25%菌株为双交配型菌株。春谷区交配型为MAT1-1的谷瘟病菌占38.55%，而交配型为MAT1-2的菌株仅占56.63%，其余4.82%菌株为双交配型菌株。建立了谷瘟病菌交配型基因PCR检测体系，通过该方法检测多数谷子种植区存在MAT1-1与MAT1-2 2种交配型的谷瘟病菌菌株，且总体上2种交配型菌株比例接近1：1。但不同地区交配型菌株所占比例有一定差异，并且自然界中存在谷瘟病菌两性菌株。快速检测谷瘟病菌的交配型等位基因和不同区域谷瘟病菌交配型基因分布对研究谷瘟病菌群体结构与遗传分析具有重要意义。

关键词: 谷瘟病菌, 交配型, PCR检测

Abstract: To explore the mating type genes and distribution of foxtail millet blast in different millet production areas in China is important for the analysis of population structure of Magnaporthe oryzae. The three pairs of primers were designed according to the partial sequences of MAT1-1-1 (GenBank accession No.AB080672.2)and MAT1-2-1 (GenBank accession No.AB080673.2) genes of M. oryzae infecting rice,and the mating type genes of 186 strains of M. oryzae of foxtail millet was detected by PCR technique. In addition,amino acid sequence of α-box domain and highly mobility group protein-box of mating type genes were compared between M. oryzae of rice and M. oryzae of foxtail millet. The results showed that the amplification of mating type gene MAT1-1-1 was better by primer JPX1-1-S3/JPX1-1-A3,while the amplification of mating genotype MAT1-2-1 by JPX1-2-S1/JPX1-2-A1 was better. Amino acid sequence of α-box domain and highly mobility group protein-box of two mating type genes between M. oryzae of rice and M. oryzae of foxtail millet were highly similarity,but no identical. Mating type genes of 186 single ascospore isolates of M. oryzae in millet collected from Hebei,Shandong,Shanxi,Shaanxi,Jilin,Heilongjiang,Liaoning,Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and Hainan Province in 2010-2016 were detected with primer JPX1-1-S3/JPX1-1-A3 and JPX1-2-S1/JPX1-2-A1. In the summer valley,the mating type of MAT1-1 was 69.15%,while the mating type MAT1-2 only accounted for 26.60%,the other 4.25% strains were double mating type strains. In the spring valley,the mating type of MAT1-1 was 38.55%,while the mating type MAT1-2 only accounted for 56.63%,the other 4.82% strains were double mating type strains. Conclusion,established the mating type gene of M. oryzae PCR detection system. Most of the millet growing areas were detected by this method have MAT1-1 and MAT1-2 two mating types,overall,the ratio of two mating type strains was close to 1:1. However,there were some differences in the mating type strains in different areas,and there were two strains of both mating type genes in nature. Rapid detection of mating type alleles and distribution of mating type genes in different regions of M. oryzae from foxtail millet is important for the study of population structure and genetic analysis of M. oryzae.

Key words: Magnaporthe oryzae, Mating type, PCR detection

中图分类号: 

• Q93

• S432.1