摘要： 为了给冬小麦精确施肥管理与调控提供依据，通过大田试验，采用单因素方差分析法研究了腐植酸肥料对冬小麦叶片生理生化元素含量的影响，并分析了小麦叶片的生理理化参数对小麦叶片光谱数据的响应。结果表明：小麦叶片的氮素、叶绿素、蒸腾作用、净光合作用、胞间CO₂浓度、可溶性蛋白及可溶性糖的差异性显著，其中腐植酸对小麦叶片的氮素、叶绿素、蒸腾作用、净光合作用、可溶性蛋白具有促进作用，腐植酸对小麦叶片的胞间CO₂、可溶性糖具有抑制作用；在325~400 nm，叶片光谱反射率对不同的理化参数响应不大。在可见光400~760 nm，小麦叶片光谱反射率对叶片氮素含量、叶片的蒸腾速率、净光合速率等理化参数响应较大。在近红外760~1 000 nm，小麦叶片光谱反射率对叶片叶绿素、可溶性蛋白的响应较强。小麦叶片原始光谱曲线的反射率对小麦叶片的胞间CO₂浓度及可溶性糖含量响应不高，不同含量之间的光谱曲线无较明显变化规律。

关键词: 腐植酸, 理化参数, 光谱响应

Abstract: In order to provide basis for management and regulation of winter wheat precise fertilization,through field experiment,ANOVA was used to study the effects of humic acid fertilizer on the physiological and biochemical elements in winter wheat leaves.And analyzed the response of physiological and biochemical indexes of winter wheat leaves on the spectral data of wheat leaves.The following conclusions were drawn from this study.The difference of nitrogen,chlorophyll,transpiration,net photosynthetic rate,intercellular CO₂ concentration,soluble protein and soluble sugar were significant.Humic acid could promote nitrogen,chlorophyll,transpiration,net photosynthesis and soluble protein in winter wheat leaves,and humic acid could inhibit intercellular CO₂ and soluble sugar content.Among the 325-400 nm,the spectral reflectance of leaves did not respond to different biochemical indexes.The spectral reflectance of wheat leaves was more responsive to the biochemical indexes such as leaf nitrogen content,leaf transpiration rate,net photosynthetic rate in visible light (400-760 nm).In the near infrared 760-1 000 nm,the spectral reflectance of wheat leaves had stronger response to chlorophyll and soluble protein.The reflectance of the original spectrum of wheat leaves was not responsive to the intercellular CO₂ concentration and soluble sugar content of wheat leaves,and there was no obvious change rule between the spectral curves of different contents.

Key words: Humic acid, Biochemical index, Spectral response

中图分类号: 

• S512.01