摘要： 以潮土区2007年GPS实时定位的104个采样点小麦产量数据为基础,基于地统计学原理和方法,结合GIS空间分析技术,探讨了小麦产量的空间变异特征,建立了小麦产量的空间变异模型,形成了小麦产量的空间分布图,阐明了影响小麦产量分布不均衡的原因。研究结果表明,潮土区农田地块小麦产量平均值为47.426 g/kg,最高值为64.508 g/kg,最低值为20.163 g/kg,球状模型是本研究小麦产量连续性分布的最佳模型,其块金值/基台值为1.655,表明在变程为171.62 m范围内具有弱的空间变异性,农田地块东南部和南部为小麦产量的高值区,由此向外小麦产量逐渐降低,基本呈圈层分布,说明小麦产量具有一定的渐变性分布规律,其空间变异主要来自施肥、灌溉、管理水平等随机因素的影响。

关键词: 农田尺度, 地统计学, 小麦产量

Abstract: This paper took the wheat field of alluvial soil as the research site, aimed to the spatial pattern of wheatyield. With the help of GPS, 104 observing points were made in a wheat field approximate 3 ha on the north of XiaoqingheRiver in Shandong province in 2007??Geostatistics combined with geographical information system( GIS) was applied to revealthe spatial variability of wheat yield. Research results indicated the average wheat yield was 47.426 g/ kg, the highvalue was 64.508 g/ kg, the low value was 20.163 g/ kg. Field experiments and model prediction were employed in thispaper, the range, nugget and sill were calculated, semivariogram model of wheat yield was established, the interpolation methods were decided, the optimal interpolation by ordinary Kriging was selected, and the spatial distributing map of wheat yield was drawn. It is shown that the sem-i variogram structure of wheat yield was spherical, the nugget / sill of wheat yieldwas 1??655 and belonged to low intensity, there is high wheat yield in the southeast and south of the field, the spatial correlation distance of wheat yield was 171.62 m, a geostatistical analysis indicated that random factors( fertilizer utilization,environmental pollution, cultivation measures,management etc. ) were the main factors of the spat ial correlat ions of wheat yield.

Key words: Field scale, Geostat ist ics, Wheat yield

中图分类号: 

• S158