摘要： 在二月兰-春玉米体系中,运用土壤氨挥发原位测定方法,分别在玉米基肥和追肥时期测定土壤氨挥发量,以探索二月兰翻压后土壤氨挥发特征。结果表明,基肥时期氨挥发量在0.94～3.27 kg/hm2,氨挥发导致的氮损失率为1.34%～2.91%,占玉米季氨挥发总量的3.12%～6.80%|相同施氮水平下,有绿肥处理氨挥发量高于无绿肥处理,平均高出1.04 kg/hm2。追肥时期,各施肥处理的氨挥发量为27.17～46.81 kg/hm2,氨挥发引起的氮损失率为34.50%～41.61%,占氨挥发总量的93.20%-96.88%,相同施氮水平下有无绿肥处理之间无明显差异。从春玉米整个生育期来看,氨挥发随着施氮量的增加而增加,二月兰翻压对氨挥发无明显影响,各施肥处理春玉米季由于氨挥发导致的氮损失量为28.50～48.32 kg/hm2,氮损失率为16.28%～20.20%。

关键词: 二月兰, 氨挥发, 春玉米

Abstract: In the February Orchid(Orychophragmus violaceus) /Spring Maize(Zea mays L.)system,ammonia volatilization was investigated by the method of in situ field determination during the basal and top dressing fertiliza-tion periods of spring maize to study the characteristics of ammonia volatilization after the February Orchid was in-corporated into soil asgreen manure. The results showed that the ammonia volatilization amounts ranged from 0.94 kg/ha to 3.27 kg/ha after the basal fertilization,the N loss rates resulted from ammonia volatilization were 1.34%-2.91%,accounting for 3. 12%-6. 80% of the total ammonia volatilization amounts of the whole spring maize sea-son. Under the same nitrogen application levels,the ammonia volatilization amounts of treatments withgreen manure were averagely 1. 04 kg/ha higher than those withoutgreen manure. After top dressing fertilization,the ammonia vol-atilization amounts were 27. 17-46. 81 kg/ha,and the N loss rates caused by ammonia volatilization varied from 34. 50% to 41. 61%,accounting for 93. 20%-96. 88% of the total ammonia volatilization amounts. No obvious differences were observed between the treatments with and withoutgreen manure. Ingeneral,the ammonia volatiliza-tion increased as a result of the N addition,while was little affected by thegreen manure. During the whole spring maize season,total ammonia volatilization amounts ranged from 28.50 kg/ha to 48.32 kg/ha in the treatments of ferti-lization,meanwhile,the N loss rates caused by ammonia volatilization varied from 16.28% to 20.20%.

中图分类号: 

• S142