摘要： 通过对沙芥营养生长期的生育规律及叶片不同生育期解剖结构的研究,分析了沙芥的生长特点及叶片结构与功能的关系,为人工驯化栽培和开发利用提供科学的理论依据。结果表明:沙芥营养生长生育期为(130±4)d其生育期可划分为发芽期、幼苗期、旺盛生长期和生长衰退期4个时期;沙芥叶片进化为适应干旱的高光效的环栅型叶,输导组织发达,机械组织不发达,叶表皮由表皮和副表皮2层细胞组成;很多表皮细胞特化为大型的储水的泡状细胞密布于叶表,沙芥叶表气孔下陷,且有较大的气孔下室。

关键词: 沙芥, 营养生长, 生育规律, 解剖结构

Abstract: Pugionium cornutum( L. ) Gaertn is a biennial herb found in the desert zone. The special species of China grows in fluxion and sem-i fluxion sand dune and is a good plant for fix sand. The study on vegetative growth law and leaf anatomy of different vegetative growth stagesmastered growth character of Pugionium cor- nutum( L. ) Gaertn and relation between leaf structure and its function to provide theory foundation for cultiva- tion and development. The results are showed below: The total vegetative growth period of Pugionium cornu- tum( L. ) Gaertn is ( 130? 4) d which is successively divided into four stages: germinating stage, seedling stage, vigorous growing stage and senescent growing stage, and the days of each stage are respectively 16-18 d, 20- 22 d, 50-52 d, 40-42 d; Leaf of Pugionium cornutum( L. ) Gaertn has evolved the high photosynthesical eff-i ciency wreath grid type leaf, transporting tissue is flourishing, but mechanical tissue is unflourishing; leaf ep-i dermis is formed of two lager of cell which is epidemis cell and accessory epidemis cell, the number of epidemis cell developed big bulliform cell for storaging water; stoma of leaf grow below epidemis and have the bigger sub- stomatic chamber.

Key words: Pugionium cornutum( L. ) Gaertn, Vegetative growth, Growth and development law, Anatomy

中图分类号: 

• S634.4